// Put key-value pairs. Note that it could be more efficient to use the Batcher
// interface so you don't have to create and keep a slice of KeyValue. Some
// databases like leveldb will copy on batch put anyway.
func (db *BigTable) PutRange(ctx storage.Context, TKeyValue []storage.TKeyValue) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call PutRange() on nil BigTable")
}
if ctx == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Received nil context in PutRange()")
}
for _, tkeyvalue := range TKeyValue {
unvKey, verKey, err := ctx.SplitKey(tkeyvalue.K)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in PutRange(): %v\n", err)
}
mut := api.NewMutation()
mut.Set(familyName, encodeKey(verKey), 0, tkeyvalue.V)
err = tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKey), mut)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Failed to Put value in PutRange()")
}
}
return nil
}
func doSet(ctx context.Context, args ...string) {
if len(args) < 3 {
log.Fatalf("usage: cbt set <table> <row> family:[column]=val[@ts] ...")
}
tbl := getClient().Open(args[0])
row := args[1]
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
for _, arg := range args[2:] {
m := setArg.FindStringSubmatch(arg)
if m == nil {
log.Fatalf("Bad set arg %q", arg)
}
val := m[3]
ts := bigtable.Now()
if i := strings.LastIndex(val, "@"); i >= 0 {
// Try parsing a timestamp.
n, err := strconv.ParseInt(val[i+1:], 0, 64)
if err == nil {
val = val[:i]
ts = bigtable.Timestamp(n)
}
}
mut.Set(m[1], m[2], ts, []byte(val))
}
if err := tbl.Apply(ctx, row, mut); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Applying mutation: %v", err)
}
}
func ExampleNewServer() {
srv, err := bttest.NewServer("127.0.0.1:0")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
ctx := context.Background()
conn, err := grpc.Dial(srv.Addr, grpc.WithInsecure())
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
proj, instance := "proj", "instance"
adminClient, err := bigtable.NewAdminClient(ctx, proj, instance, option.WithGRPCConn(conn))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
if err = adminClient.CreateTable(ctx, "example"); err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
if err = adminClient.CreateColumnFamily(ctx, "example", "links"); err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
client, err := bigtable.NewClient(ctx, proj, instance, option.WithGRPCConn(conn))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
tbl := client.Open("example")
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
mut.Set("links", "golang.org", bigtable.Now(), []byte("Gophers!"))
if err = tbl.Apply(ctx, "com.google.cloud", mut); err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
if row, err := tbl.ReadRow(ctx, "com.google.cloud"); err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
} else {
for _, column := range row["links"] {
fmt.Println(column.Column)
fmt.Println(string(column.Value))
}
}
// Output:
// links:golang.org
// Gophers!
}
func doDeleteRow(ctx context.Context, args ...string) {
if len(args) != 2 {
log.Fatal("usage: cbt deleterow <table> <row>")
}
tbl := getClient().Open(args[0])
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
mut.DeleteRow()
if err := tbl.Apply(ctx, args[1], mut); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Deleting row: %v", err)
}
}
// copyTable copies data from one table to another.
func copyTable(src, dst string, client *bigtable.Client, adminClient *bigtable.AdminClient) error {
if src == "" || src == dst {
return nil
}
ctx, _ := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Minute)
// Open the source and destination tables.
srcTable := client.Open(src)
dstTable := client.Open(dst)
var (
writeErr error // Set if any write fails.
mu sync.Mutex // Protects writeErr
wg sync.WaitGroup // Used to wait for all writes to finish.
)
copyRowToTable := func(row bigtable.Row) bool {
mu.Lock()
failed := writeErr != nil
mu.Unlock()
if failed {
return false
}
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
for family, items := range row {
for _, item := range items {
// Get the column name, excluding the column family name and ':' character.
columnWithoutFamily := item.Column[len(family)+1:]
mut.Set(family, columnWithoutFamily, bigtable.Now(), item.Value)
}
}
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
// TODO: should use a semaphore to limit the number of concurrent writes.
if err := dstTable.Apply(ctx, row.Key(), mut); err != nil {
mu.Lock()
writeErr = err
mu.Unlock()
}
wg.Done()
}()
return true
}
// Create a filter that only accepts the column families we're interested in.
filter := bigtable.FamilyFilter(indexColumnFamily + "|" + contentColumnFamily)
// Read every row from srcTable, and call copyRowToTable to copy it to our table.
err := srcTable.ReadRows(ctx, bigtable.InfiniteRange(""), copyRowToTable, bigtable.RowFilter(filter))
wg.Wait()
if err != nil {
return err
}
return writeErr
}
// Delete deletes a key-value pair so that subsequent Get on the key returns nil.
func (db *BigTable) Delete(ctx storage.Context, tkey storage.TKey) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call Delete() on nil BigTable")
}
if ctx == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Received nil context in Delete()")
}
unvKey, verKey, err := ctx.SplitKey(tkey)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in Delete(): %v\n", err)
}
r, err := tbl.ReadRow(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKey), api.RowFilter(api.StripValueFilter()))
//A missing row will return a zero-length map and a nil error
if len(r) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in Delete(): This unvKey doesn't exists")
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
if len(r[familyName]) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in Delete(): This row is empty")
}
_, err = getValue(r, verKey)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in Delete(): The version to be deleted doesn't exist")
}
mut := api.NewMutation()
//There is only one version left, and is the one we are trying to delete\
//remove the whole row
if len(r[familyName]) == 1 {
mut.DeleteRow()
} else {
mut.DeleteCellsInColumn(familyName, encodeKey(verKey))
}
err = tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKey), mut)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in Delete(): %v\n", err)
}
return err
}
// RawPut is a low-level function that puts a key-value pair using full keys.
// This can be used in conjunction with RawRangeQuery.
func (db *BigTable) RawPut(fullKey storage.Key, value []byte) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call RawPut() on nil BigTable")
}
unvKey, verKey, err := storage.SplitKey(fullKey)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in RawPut(): %v\n", err)
}
mut := api.NewMutation()
mut.Set(familyName, encodeKey(verKey), 0, value)
err = tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKey), mut)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in RawPut(): %v\n", err)
}
return err
}
// DeleteRange removes all key-value pairs with keys in the given range.
// For all versions
func (db *BigTable) DeleteRange(ctx storage.Context, TkBeg, TkEnd storage.TKey) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call DeleteRange() on nil BigTable")
}
if ctx == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Received nil context in DeleteRange()")
}
unvKeyBeg, _, err := ctx.SplitKey(TkBeg)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in DeleteRange(): %v\n", err)
}
unvKeyEnd, _, err := ctx.SplitKey(TkEnd)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in DeleteRange(): %v\n", err)
}
rr := api.NewRange(encodeKey(unvKeyBeg), encodeKey(unvKeyEnd))
err = tbl.ReadRows(db.ctx, rr, func(r api.Row) bool {
unvKeyRow, err := decodeKey(r.Key())
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in DeleteRange(): %v\n", err)
return false
}
mut := api.NewMutation()
mut.DeleteRow()
err = tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKeyRow), mut)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Failed to delete row in DeleteRange()")
}
return true // keep going
}, api.RowFilter(api.StripValueFilter()))
return err
}
// Put writes a value with given key in a possibly versioned context.
func (db *BigTable) Put(ctx storage.Context, tkey storage.TKey, value []byte) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call Put() on nil BigTable")
}
if ctx == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Received nil context in Put()")
}
unvKey, verKey, err := ctx.SplitKey(tkey)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in Put(): %v\n", err)
}
mut := api.NewMutation()
// dvid.Infof("Putting value %s\n", string(value))
mut.Set(familyName, encodeKey(verKey), 0, value)
err = tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKey), mut)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in Put(): %v\n", err)
}
return err
}
func main() {
var err error
config, err = cbtrc.Load()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
config.RegisterFlags()
flag.Parse()
if err := config.CheckFlags(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if config.Creds != "" {
os.Setenv("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS", config.Creds)
}
if flag.NArg() != 0 {
flag.Usage()
os.Exit(1)
}
var options []option.ClientOption
if *poolSize > 1 {
options = append(options, option.WithGRPCConnectionPool(*poolSize))
}
var csvFile *os.File
if *csvOutput != "" {
csvFile, err = os.Create(*csvOutput)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("creating csv output file: %v", err)
}
defer csvFile.Close()
log.Printf("Writing statistics to %q ...", *csvOutput)
}
log.Printf("Dialing connections...")
client, err = bigtable.NewClient(context.Background(), config.Project, config.Instance, options...)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Making bigtable.Client: %v", err)
}
defer client.Close()
adminClient, err = bigtable.NewAdminClient(context.Background(), config.Project, config.Instance)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Making bigtable.AdminClient: %v", err)
}
defer adminClient.Close()
// Create a scratch table.
log.Printf("Setting up scratch table...")
if err := adminClient.CreateTable(context.Background(), *scratchTable); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Making scratch table %q: %v", *scratchTable, err)
}
if err := adminClient.CreateColumnFamily(context.Background(), *scratchTable, "f"); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Making scratch table column family: %v", err)
}
// Upon a successful run, delete the table. Don't bother checking for errors.
defer adminClient.DeleteTable(context.Background(), *scratchTable)
log.Printf("Starting load test... (run for %v)", *runFor)
tbl := client.Open(*scratchTable)
sem := make(chan int, *reqCount) // limit the number of requests happening at once
var reads, writes stats
stopTime := time.Now().Add(*runFor)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for time.Now().Before(stopTime) {
sem <- 1
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer wg.Done()
defer func() { <-sem }()
ok := true
opStart := time.Now()
var stats *stats
defer func() {
stats.Record(ok, time.Since(opStart))
}()
row := fmt.Sprintf("row%d", rand.Intn(100)) // operate on 1 of 100 rows
switch rand.Intn(10) {
default:
// read
stats = &reads
_, err := tbl.ReadRow(context.Background(), row, bigtable.RowFilter(bigtable.LatestNFilter(1)))
if err != nil {
log.Printf("Error doing read: %v", err)
ok = false
}
case 0, 1, 2, 3, 4:
// write
stats = &writes
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
mut.Set("f", "col", bigtable.Now(), bytes.Repeat([]byte("0"), 1<<10)) // 1 KB write
if err := tbl.Apply(context.Background(), row, mut); err != nil {
log.Printf("Error doing mutation: %v", err)
ok = false
}
}
}()
}
wg.Wait()
readsAgg := stat.NewAggregate("reads", reads.ds, reads.tries-reads.ok)
writesAgg := stat.NewAggregate("writes", writes.ds, writes.tries-writes.ok)
log.Printf("Reads (%d ok / %d tries):\n%v", reads.ok, reads.tries, readsAgg)
log.Printf("Writes (%d ok / %d tries):\n%v", writes.ok, writes.tries, writesAgg)
if csvFile != nil {
stat.WriteCSV([]*stat.Aggregate{readsAgg, writesAgg}, csvFile)
}
}
// DeleteAll removes all key-value pairs for the context. If allVersions is true,
// then all versions of the data instance are deleted.
func (db *BigTable) DeleteAll(ctx storage.Context, allVersions bool) error {
if db == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Can't call DeleteAll() on nil BigTable")
}
if ctx == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Received nil context in DeleteAll()")
}
//Row range corresponde to all keys corresponding to this data instace.
min, max := ctx.KeyRange()
rr := api.NewRange(encodeKey(min), encodeKey(max))
err := tbl.ReadRows(db.ctx, rr, func(r api.Row) bool {
unvKeyRow, err := decodeKey(r.Key())
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in DeleteAll(): %v\n", err)
return false
}
if allVersions {
mut := api.NewMutation()
mut.DeleteRow()
err := tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKeyRow), mut)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Failed to delete row")
}
} else {
emptyTkey := make([]byte, 0)
_, versionToDelete, err := ctx.SplitKey(emptyTkey)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in DeleteAll(): %v\n", err)
return false
}
for _, readItem := range r[familyName] {
verKey, err := decodeKey(readItem.Column)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Error in DeleteAll(): %v\n", err)
return false
}
if bytes.Equal(verKey, versionToDelete) {
mut := api.NewMutation()
mut.DeleteCellsInColumn(familyName, encodeKey(verKey))
err := tbl.Apply(db.ctx, encodeKey(unvKeyRow), mut)
if err != nil {
dvid.Errorf("Failed to DeleteCellsInColumn in DeleteAll()")
}
return true // One I found the version I don't have to keep serching for it.
}
}
}
return true // keep going
}, api.RowFilter(api.StripValueFilter()))
return err
}
func main() {
project := flag.String("project", "", "The Google Cloud Platform project ID. Required.")
instance := flag.String("instance", "", "The Google Cloud Bigtable instance ID. Required.")
flag.Parse()
for _, f := range []string{"project", "instance"} {
if flag.Lookup(f).Value.String() == "" {
log.Fatalf("The %s flag is required.", f)
}
}
ctx := context.Background()
// Set up admin client, tables, and column families.
// NewAdminClient uses Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
adminClient, err := bigtable.NewAdminClient(ctx, *project, *instance)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not create admin client: %v", err)
}
tables, err := adminClient.Tables(ctx)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not fetch table list: %v", err)
}
if !sliceContains(tables, tableName) {
log.Printf("Creating table %s", tableName)
if err := adminClient.CreateTable(ctx, tableName); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not create table %s: %v", tableName, err)
}
}
tblInfo, err := adminClient.TableInfo(ctx, tableName)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not read info for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
}
if !sliceContains(tblInfo.Families, columnFamilyName) {
if err := adminClient.CreateColumnFamily(ctx, tableName, columnFamilyName); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not create column family %s: %v", columnFamilyName, err)
}
}
// Set up Bigtable data operations client.
// NewClient uses Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
client, err := bigtable.NewClient(ctx, *project, *instance)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not create data operations client: %v", err)
}
tbl := client.Open(tableName)
muts := make([]*bigtable.Mutation, len(greetings))
rowKeys := make([]string, len(greetings))
log.Printf("Writing greeting rows to table")
for i, greeting := range greetings {
muts[i] = bigtable.NewMutation()
muts[i].Set(columnFamilyName, columnName, bigtable.Now(), []byte(greeting))
// Each row has a unique row key.
//
// Note: This example uses sequential numeric IDs for simplicity, but
// this can result in poor performance in a production application.
// Since rows are stored in sorted order by key, sequential keys can
// result in poor distribution of operations across nodes.
//
// For more information about how to design a Bigtable schema for the
// best performance, see the documentation:
//
// https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/schema-design
rowKeys[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d", columnName, i)
}
rowErrs, err := tbl.ApplyBulk(ctx, rowKeys, muts)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not apply bulk row mutation: %v", err)
}
if rowErrs != nil {
for _, rowErr := range rowErrs {
log.Printf("Error writing row: %v", rowErr)
}
log.Fatalf("Could not write some rows")
}
log.Printf("Getting a single greeting by row key:")
row, err := tbl.ReadRow(ctx, rowKeys[0], bigtable.RowFilter(bigtable.ColumnFilter(columnName)))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not read row with key %s: %v", rowKeys[0], err)
}
log.Printf("\t%s = %s\n", rowKeys[0], string(row[columnFamilyName][0].Value))
log.Printf("Reading all greeting rows:")
err = tbl.ReadRows(ctx, bigtable.PrefixRange(columnName), func(row bigtable.Row) bool {
item := row[columnFamilyName][0]
log.Printf("\t%s = %s\n", item.Row, string(item.Value))
return true
}, bigtable.RowFilter(bigtable.ColumnFilter(columnName)))
if err = client.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not close data operations client: %v", err)
}
log.Printf("Deleting the table")
if err = adminClient.DeleteTable(ctx, tableName); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not delete table %s: %v", tableName, err)
}
if err = adminClient.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not close admin client: %v", err)
}
}
// handleAddDoc adds a document to the index.
func handleAddDoc(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, table *bigtable.Table) {
if r.Method != "POST" {
http.Error(w, "POST requests only", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
return
}
ctx, _ := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Minute)
name := r.FormValue("name")
if len(name) == 0 {
http.Error(w, "Empty document name!", http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
content := r.FormValue("content")
if len(content) == 0 {
http.Error(w, "Empty document content!", http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
var (
writeErr error // Set if any write fails.
mu sync.Mutex // Protects writeErr
wg sync.WaitGroup // Used to wait for all writes to finish.
)
// writeOneColumn writes one column in one row, updates err if there is an error,
// and signals wg that one operation has finished.
writeOneColumn := func(row, family, column, value string, ts bigtable.Timestamp) {
mut := bigtable.NewMutation()
mut.Set(family, column, ts, []byte(value))
err := table.Apply(ctx, row, mut)
if err != nil {
mu.Lock()
writeErr = err
mu.Unlock()
}
}
// Start a write to store the document content.
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
writeOneColumn(name, contentColumnFamily, "", content, bigtable.Now())
wg.Done()
}()
// Start writes to store the document name in the index for each word in the document.
words := tokenize(content)
for _, word := range words {
var (
row = word
family = indexColumnFamily
column = name
value = ""
ts = bigtable.Now()
)
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
// TODO: should use a semaphore to limit the number of concurrent writes.
writeOneColumn(row, family, column, value, ts)
wg.Done()
}()
}
wg.Wait()
if writeErr != nil {
http.Error(w, "Error writing to Bigtable: "+writeErr.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
var buf bytes.Buffer
if err := addTemplate.ExecuteTemplate(&buf, "", struct{ Title string }{name}); err != nil {
http.Error(w, "Error executing HTML template: "+err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
io.Copy(w, &buf)
}