Example #1
0
func opSignExtend(instr instruction, env Environment, context *Context, memory *Memory, stack *stack) {
	back := stack.pop()
	if back.Cmp(big.NewInt(31)) < 0 {
		bit := uint(back.Uint64()*8 + 7)
		num := stack.pop()
		mask := back.Lsh(common.Big1, bit)
		mask.Sub(mask, common.Big1)
		if common.BitTest(num, int(bit)) {
			num.Or(num, mask.Not(mask))
		} else {
			num.And(num, mask)
		}

		stack.push(U256(num))
	}
}
Example #2
0
// Run loops and evaluates the contract's code with the given input data
func (self *Vm) Run(context *Context, input []byte) (ret []byte, err error) {
	self.env.SetDepth(self.env.Depth() + 1)
	defer self.env.SetDepth(self.env.Depth() - 1)

	// User defer pattern to check for an error and, based on the error being nil or not, use all gas and return.
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			// In case of a VM exception (known exceptions) all gas consumed (panics NOT included).
			context.UseGas(context.Gas)

			ret = context.Return(nil)
		}
	}()

	if context.CodeAddr != nil {
		if p := Precompiled[context.CodeAddr.Str()]; p != nil {
			return self.RunPrecompiled(p, input, context)
		}
	}

	var (
		codehash = crypto.Sha3Hash(context.Code) // codehash is used when doing jump dest caching
		program  *Program
	)
	if EnableJit {
		// Fetch program status.
		// * If ready run using JIT
		// * If unknown, compile in a seperate goroutine
		// * If forced wait for compilation and run once done
		if status := GetProgramStatus(codehash); status == progReady {
			return RunProgram(GetProgram(codehash), self.env, context, input)
		} else if status == progUnknown {
			if ForceJit {
				// Create and compile program
				program = NewProgram(context.Code)
				perr := CompileProgram(program)
				if perr == nil {
					return RunProgram(program, self.env, context, input)
				}
				glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("error compiling program", err)
			} else {
				// create and compile the program. Compilation
				// is done in a seperate goroutine
				program = NewProgram(context.Code)
				go func() {
					err := CompileProgram(program)
					if err != nil {
						glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("error compiling program", err)
						return
					}
				}()
			}
		}
	}

	var (
		caller = context.caller
		code   = context.Code
		value  = context.value
		price  = context.Price

		op      OpCode             // current opcode
		mem     = NewMemory()      // bound memory
		stack   = newstack()       // local stack
		statedb = self.env.State() // current state
		// For optimisation reason we're using uint64 as the program counter.
		// It's theoretically possible to go above 2^64. The YP defines the PC to be uint256. Pratically much less so feasible.
		pc = uint64(0) // program counter

		// jump evaluates and checks whether the given jump destination is a valid one
		// if valid move the `pc` otherwise return an error.
		jump = func(from uint64, to *big.Int) error {
			if !context.jumpdests.has(codehash, code, to) {
				nop := context.GetOp(to.Uint64())
				return fmt.Errorf("invalid jump destination (%v) %v", nop, to)
			}

			pc = to.Uint64()

			return nil
		}

		newMemSize *big.Int
		cost       *big.Int
	)

	// User defer pattern to check for an error and, based on the error being nil or not, use all gas and return.
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			self.log(pc, op, context.Gas, cost, mem, stack, context, err)
		}
	}()

	// Don't bother with the execution if there's no code.
	if len(code) == 0 {
		return context.Return(nil), nil
	}

	for {
		// Overhead of the atomic read might not be worth it
		/* TODO this still causes a few issues in the tests
		if program != nil && progStatus(atomic.LoadInt32(&program.status)) == progReady {
			// move execution
			glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("Moved execution to JIT")
			return runProgram(program, pc, mem, stack, self.env, context, input)
		}
		*/
		// The base for all big integer arithmetic
		base := new(big.Int)

		// Get the memory location of pc
		op = context.GetOp(pc)

		// calculate the new memory size and gas price for the current executing opcode
		newMemSize, cost, err = calculateGasAndSize(self.env, context, caller, op, statedb, mem, stack)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		// Use the calculated gas. When insufficient gas is present, use all gas and return an
		// Out Of Gas error
		if !context.UseGas(cost) {
			return nil, OutOfGasError
		}

		// Resize the memory calculated previously
		mem.Resize(newMemSize.Uint64())
		// Add a log message
		self.log(pc, op, context.Gas, cost, mem, stack, context, nil)

		switch op {
		case ADD:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			base.Add(x, y)

			U256(base)

			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case SUB:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			base.Sub(x, y)

			U256(base)

			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case MUL:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			base.Mul(x, y)

			U256(base)

			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case DIV:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) != 0 {
				base.Div(x, y)
			}

			U256(base)

			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case SDIV:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				n := new(big.Int)
				if new(big.Int).Mul(x, y).Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
					n.SetInt64(-1)
				} else {
					n.SetInt64(1)
				}

				base.Div(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y)).Mul(base, n)

				U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)
		case MOD:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				base.Mod(x, y)
			}

			U256(base)

			stack.push(base)
		case SMOD:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				n := new(big.Int)
				if x.Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
					n.SetInt64(-1)
				} else {
					n.SetInt64(1)
				}

				base.Mod(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y)).Mul(base, n)

				U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)

		case EXP:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			base.Exp(x, y, Pow256)

			U256(base)

			stack.push(base)
		case SIGNEXTEND:
			back := stack.pop()
			if back.Cmp(big.NewInt(31)) < 0 {
				bit := uint(back.Uint64()*8 + 7)
				num := stack.pop()
				mask := new(big.Int).Lsh(common.Big1, bit)
				mask.Sub(mask, common.Big1)
				if common.BitTest(num, int(bit)) {
					num.Or(num, mask.Not(mask))
				} else {
					num.And(num, mask)
				}

				num = U256(num)

				stack.push(num)
			}
		case NOT:
			stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Not(stack.pop())))
		case LT:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			// x < y
			if x.Cmp(y) < 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case GT:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			// x > y
			if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}

		case SLT:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			// x < y
			if x.Cmp(S256(y)) < 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case SGT:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			// x > y
			if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}

		case EQ:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			// x == y
			if x.Cmp(y) == 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case ISZERO:
			x := stack.pop()
			if x.Cmp(common.BigFalse) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			}

		case AND:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			stack.push(base.And(x, y))
		case OR:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			stack.push(base.Or(x, y))
		case XOR:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			stack.push(base.Xor(x, y))
		case BYTE:
			th, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if th.Cmp(big.NewInt(32)) < 0 {
				byt := big.NewInt(int64(common.LeftPadBytes(val.Bytes(), 32)[th.Int64()]))

				base.Set(byt)
			} else {
				base.Set(common.BigFalse)
			}

			stack.push(base)
		case ADDMOD:
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				add := new(big.Int).Add(x, y)
				base.Mod(add, z)

				base = U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)
		case MULMOD:
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				mul := new(big.Int).Mul(x, y)
				base.Mod(mul, z)

				U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)

		case SHA3:
			offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			data := crypto.Sha3(mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64()))

			stack.push(common.BigD(data))

		case ADDRESS:
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(context.Address().Bytes()))

		case BALANCE:
			addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
			balance := statedb.GetBalance(addr)

			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(balance))

		case ORIGIN:
			origin := self.env.Origin()

			stack.push(origin.Big())

		case CALLER:
			caller := context.caller.Address()
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(caller.Bytes()))

		case CALLVALUE:
			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(value))

		case CALLDATALOAD:
			data := getData(input, stack.pop(), common.Big32)

			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(data))
		case CALLDATASIZE:
			l := int64(len(input))
			stack.push(big.NewInt(l))

		case CALLDATACOPY:
			var (
				mOff = stack.pop()
				cOff = stack.pop()
				l    = stack.pop()
			)
			data := getData(input, cOff, l)

			mem.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), data)

		case CODESIZE, EXTCODESIZE:
			var code []byte
			if op == EXTCODESIZE {
				addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())

				code = statedb.GetCode(addr)
			} else {
				code = context.Code
			}

			l := big.NewInt(int64(len(code)))
			stack.push(l)

		case CODECOPY, EXTCODECOPY:
			var code []byte
			if op == EXTCODECOPY {
				addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
				code = statedb.GetCode(addr)
			} else {
				code = context.Code
			}

			var (
				mOff = stack.pop()
				cOff = stack.pop()
				l    = stack.pop()
			)

			codeCopy := getData(code, cOff, l)

			mem.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), codeCopy)

		case GASPRICE:
			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(context.Price))

		case BLOCKHASH:
			num := stack.pop()

			n := new(big.Int).Sub(self.env.BlockNumber(), common.Big257)
			if num.Cmp(n) > 0 && num.Cmp(self.env.BlockNumber()) < 0 {
				stack.push(self.env.GetHash(num.Uint64()).Big())
			} else {
				stack.push(common.Big0)
			}

		case COINBASE:
			coinbase := self.env.Coinbase()

			stack.push(coinbase.Big())

		case TIMESTAMP:
			time := self.env.Time()

			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(time))

		case NUMBER:
			number := self.env.BlockNumber()

			stack.push(U256(number))

		case DIFFICULTY:
			difficulty := self.env.Difficulty()

			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(difficulty))

		case GASLIMIT:

			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(self.env.GasLimit()))

		case PUSH1, PUSH2, PUSH3, PUSH4, PUSH5, PUSH6, PUSH7, PUSH8, PUSH9, PUSH10, PUSH11, PUSH12, PUSH13, PUSH14, PUSH15, PUSH16, PUSH17, PUSH18, PUSH19, PUSH20, PUSH21, PUSH22, PUSH23, PUSH24, PUSH25, PUSH26, PUSH27, PUSH28, PUSH29, PUSH30, PUSH31, PUSH32:
			size := uint64(op - PUSH1 + 1)
			byts := getData(code, new(big.Int).SetUint64(pc+1), new(big.Int).SetUint64(size))
			// push value to stack
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(byts))
			pc += size

		case POP:
			stack.pop()
		case DUP1, DUP2, DUP3, DUP4, DUP5, DUP6, DUP7, DUP8, DUP9, DUP10, DUP11, DUP12, DUP13, DUP14, DUP15, DUP16:
			n := int(op - DUP1 + 1)
			stack.dup(n)

		case SWAP1, SWAP2, SWAP3, SWAP4, SWAP5, SWAP6, SWAP7, SWAP8, SWAP9, SWAP10, SWAP11, SWAP12, SWAP13, SWAP14, SWAP15, SWAP16:
			n := int(op - SWAP1 + 2)
			stack.swap(n)

		case LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, LOG3, LOG4:
			n := int(op - LOG0)
			topics := make([]common.Hash, n)
			mStart, mSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
				topics[i] = common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
			}

			data := mem.Get(mStart.Int64(), mSize.Int64())
			log := state.NewLog(context.Address(), topics, data, self.env.BlockNumber().Uint64())
			self.env.AddLog(log)

		case MLOAD:
			offset := stack.pop()
			val := common.BigD(mem.Get(offset.Int64(), 32))
			stack.push(val)

		case MSTORE:
			// pop value of the stack
			mStart, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			mem.Set(mStart.Uint64(), 32, common.BigToBytes(val, 256))

		case MSTORE8:
			off, val := stack.pop().Int64(), stack.pop().Int64()

			mem.store[off] = byte(val & 0xff)

		case SLOAD:
			loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
			val := statedb.GetState(context.Address(), loc).Big()
			stack.push(val)

		case SSTORE:
			loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
			val := stack.pop()

			statedb.SetState(context.Address(), loc, common.BigToHash(val))

		case JUMP:
			if err := jump(pc, stack.pop()); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}

			continue
		case JUMPI:
			pos, cond := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if cond.Cmp(common.BigTrue) >= 0 {
				if err := jump(pc, pos); err != nil {
					return nil, err
				}

				continue
			}

		case JUMPDEST:
		case PC:
			stack.push(new(big.Int).SetUint64(pc))
		case MSIZE:
			stack.push(big.NewInt(int64(mem.Len())))
		case GAS:
			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(context.Gas))
		case CREATE:

			var (
				value        = stack.pop()
				offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
				input        = mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
				gas          = new(big.Int).Set(context.Gas)
				addr         common.Address
			)

			context.UseGas(context.Gas)
			ret, suberr, ref := self.env.Create(context, input, gas, price, value)
			if suberr != nil {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)

			} else {
				// gas < len(ret) * CreateDataGas == NO_CODE
				dataGas := big.NewInt(int64(len(ret)))
				dataGas.Mul(dataGas, params.CreateDataGas)
				if context.UseGas(dataGas) {
					ref.SetCode(ret)
				}
				addr = ref.Address()

				stack.push(addr.Big())

			}

		case CALL, CALLCODE:
			gas := stack.pop()
			// pop gas and value of the stack.
			addr, value := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			value = U256(value)
			// pop input size and offset
			inOffset, inSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			// pop return size and offset
			retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			address := common.BigToAddress(addr)

			// Get the arguments from the memory
			args := mem.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())

			if len(value.Bytes()) > 0 {
				gas.Add(gas, params.CallStipend)
			}

			var (
				ret []byte
				err error
			)
			if op == CALLCODE {
				ret, err = self.env.CallCode(context, address, args, gas, price, value)
			} else {
				ret, err = self.env.Call(context, address, args, gas, price, value)
			}

			if err != nil {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)

			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)

				mem.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
			}

		case RETURN:
			offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			ret := mem.GetPtr(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())

			return context.Return(ret), nil
		case SUICIDE:
			receiver := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(common.BigToAddress(stack.pop()))
			balance := statedb.GetBalance(context.Address())

			receiver.AddBalance(balance)

			statedb.Delete(context.Address())

			fallthrough
		case STOP: // Stop the context

			return context.Return(nil), nil
		default:

			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid opcode %x", op)
		}

		pc++

	}
}
Example #3
0
func (self *Vm) Run(context *Context, callData []byte) (ret []byte, err error) {
	self.env.SetDepth(self.env.Depth() + 1)
	defer self.env.SetDepth(self.env.Depth() - 1)

	var (
		caller = context.caller
		code   = context.Code
		value  = context.value
		price  = context.Price
	)

	self.Printf("(%d) (%x) %x (code=%d) gas: %v (d) %x", self.env.Depth(), caller.Address().Bytes()[:4], context.Address(), len(code), context.Gas, callData).Endl()

	// User defer pattern to check for an error and, based on the error being nil or not, use all gas and return.
	defer func() {
		if self.After != nil {
			self.After(context, err)
		}

		if err != nil {
			self.Printf(" %v", err).Endl()
			// In case of a VM exception (known exceptions) all gas consumed (panics NOT included).
			context.UseGas(context.Gas)

			ret = context.Return(nil)
		}
	}()

	if context.CodeAddr != nil {
		if p := Precompiled[context.CodeAddr.Str()]; p != nil {
			return self.RunPrecompiled(p, callData, context)
		}
	}

	var (
		op OpCode

		destinations = analyseJumpDests(context.Code)
		mem          = NewMemory()
		stack        = newStack()
		pc           = new(big.Int)
		statedb      = self.env.State()

		jump = func(from *big.Int, to *big.Int) error {
			nop := context.GetOp(to)
			if !destinations.Has(to) {
				return fmt.Errorf("invalid jump destination (%v) %v", nop, to)
			}

			self.Printf(" ~> %v", to)
			pc = to

			self.Endl()

			return nil
		}
	)

	// Don't bother with the execution if there's no code.
	if len(code) == 0 {
		return context.Return(nil), nil
	}

	for {
		// The base for all big integer arithmetic
		base := new(big.Int)

		// Get the memory location of pc
		op = context.GetOp(pc)

		self.Printf("(pc) %-3d -o- %-14s (m) %-4d (s) %-4d ", pc, op.String(), mem.Len(), stack.len())
		newMemSize, gas, err := self.calculateGasAndSize(context, caller, op, statedb, mem, stack)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		self.Printf("(g) %-3v (%v)", gas, context.Gas)

		if !context.UseGas(gas) {
			self.Endl()

			tmp := new(big.Int).Set(context.Gas)

			context.UseGas(context.Gas)

			return context.Return(nil), OOG(gas, tmp)
		}

		mem.Resize(newMemSize.Uint64())

		switch op {
		// 0x20 range
		case ADD:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v + %v", y, x)

			base.Add(x, y)

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case SUB:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v - %v", y, x)

			base.Sub(x, y)

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case MUL:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v * %v", y, x)

			base.Mul(x, y)

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case DIV:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v / %v", x, y)

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) != 0 {
				base.Div(x, y)
			}

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			// pop result back on the stack
			stack.push(base)
		case SDIV:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			self.Printf(" %v / %v", x, y)

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				n := new(big.Int)
				if new(big.Int).Mul(x, y).Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
					n.SetInt64(-1)
				} else {
					n.SetInt64(1)
				}

				base.Div(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y)).Mul(base, n)

				U256(base)
			}

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			stack.push(base)
		case MOD:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			self.Printf(" %v %% %v", x, y)

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				base.Mod(x, y)
			}

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			stack.push(base)
		case SMOD:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())

			self.Printf(" %v %% %v", x, y)

			if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
				base.Set(common.Big0)
			} else {
				n := new(big.Int)
				if x.Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
					n.SetInt64(-1)
				} else {
					n.SetInt64(1)
				}

				base.Mod(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y)).Mul(base, n)

				U256(base)
			}

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)
			stack.push(base)

		case EXP:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			self.Printf(" %v ** %v", x, y)

			base.Exp(x, y, Pow256)

			U256(base)

			self.Printf(" = %v", base)

			stack.push(base)
		case SIGNEXTEND:
			back := stack.pop()
			if back.Cmp(big.NewInt(31)) < 0 {
				bit := uint(back.Uint64()*8 + 7)
				num := stack.pop()
				mask := new(big.Int).Lsh(common.Big1, bit)
				mask.Sub(mask, common.Big1)
				if common.BitTest(num, int(bit)) {
					num.Or(num, mask.Not(mask))
				} else {
					num.And(num, mask)
				}

				num = U256(num)

				self.Printf(" = %v", num)

				stack.push(num)
			}
		case NOT:
			stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Not(stack.pop())))
			//base.Sub(Pow256, stack.pop()).Sub(base, common.Big1)
			//base = U256(base)
			//stack.push(base)
		case LT:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v < %v", x, y)
			// x < y
			if x.Cmp(y) < 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case GT:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v > %v", x, y)

			// x > y
			if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}

		case SLT:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
			self.Printf(" %v < %v", x, y)
			// x < y
			if x.Cmp(S256(y)) < 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case SGT:
			x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
			self.Printf(" %v > %v", x, y)

			// x > y
			if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}

		case EQ:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v == %v", y, x)

			// x == y
			if x.Cmp(y) == 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			}
		case ISZERO:
			x := stack.pop()
			if x.Cmp(common.BigFalse) > 0 {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)
			}

			// 0x10 range
		case AND:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v & %v", y, x)

			stack.push(base.And(x, y))
		case OR:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v | %v", x, y)

			stack.push(base.Or(x, y))
		case XOR:
			x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			self.Printf(" %v ^ %v", x, y)

			stack.push(base.Xor(x, y))
		case BYTE:
			th, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if th.Cmp(big.NewInt(32)) < 0 {
				byt := big.NewInt(int64(common.LeftPadBytes(val.Bytes(), 32)[th.Int64()]))

				base.Set(byt)
			} else {
				base.Set(common.BigFalse)
			}

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", base.Bytes())

			stack.push(base)
		case ADDMOD:
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				add := new(big.Int).Add(x, y)
				base.Mod(add, z)

				base = U256(base)
			}

			self.Printf(" %v + %v %% %v = %v", x, y, z, base)

			stack.push(base)
		case MULMOD:
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				mul := new(big.Int).Mul(x, y)
				base.Mod(mul, z)

				U256(base)
			}

			self.Printf(" %v + %v %% %v = %v", x, y, z, base)

			stack.push(base)

			// 0x20 range
		case SHA3:
			offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			data := crypto.Sha3(mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64()))

			stack.push(common.BigD(data))

			self.Printf(" => (%v) %x", size, data)
			// 0x30 range
		case ADDRESS:
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(context.Address().Bytes()))

			self.Printf(" => %x", context.Address())
		case BALANCE:
			addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
			balance := statedb.GetBalance(addr)

			stack.push(balance)

			self.Printf(" => %v (%x)", balance, addr)
		case ORIGIN:
			origin := self.env.Origin()

			stack.push(origin.Big())

			self.Printf(" => %x", origin)
		case CALLER:
			caller := context.caller.Address()
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(caller.Bytes()))

			self.Printf(" => %x", caller)
		case CALLVALUE:
			stack.push(value)

			self.Printf(" => %v", value)
		case CALLDATALOAD:
			data := getData(callData, stack.pop(), common.Big32)

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", data)

			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(data))
		case CALLDATASIZE:
			l := int64(len(callData))
			stack.push(big.NewInt(l))

			self.Printf(" => %d", l)
		case CALLDATACOPY:
			var (
				mOff = stack.pop()
				cOff = stack.pop()
				l    = stack.pop()
			)
			data := getData(callData, cOff, l)

			mem.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), data)

			self.Printf(" => [%v, %v, %v]", mOff, cOff, l)
		case CODESIZE, EXTCODESIZE:
			var code []byte
			if op == EXTCODESIZE {
				addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())

				code = statedb.GetCode(addr)
			} else {
				code = context.Code
			}

			l := big.NewInt(int64(len(code)))
			stack.push(l)

			self.Printf(" => %d", l)
		case CODECOPY, EXTCODECOPY:
			var code []byte
			if op == EXTCODECOPY {
				addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
				code = statedb.GetCode(addr)
			} else {
				code = context.Code
			}

			var (
				mOff = stack.pop()
				cOff = stack.pop()
				l    = stack.pop()
			)

			codeCopy := getData(code, cOff, l)

			mem.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), codeCopy)

			self.Printf(" => [%v, %v, %v] %x", mOff, cOff, l, codeCopy)
		case GASPRICE:
			stack.push(context.Price)

			self.Printf(" => %x", context.Price)

			// 0x40 range
		case BLOCKHASH:
			num := stack.pop()

			n := new(big.Int).Sub(self.env.BlockNumber(), common.Big257)
			if num.Cmp(n) > 0 && num.Cmp(self.env.BlockNumber()) < 0 {
				stack.push(self.env.GetHash(num.Uint64()).Big())
			} else {
				stack.push(common.Big0)
			}

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", stack.peek().Bytes())
		case COINBASE:
			coinbase := self.env.Coinbase()

			stack.push(coinbase.Big())

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", coinbase)
		case TIMESTAMP:
			time := self.env.Time()

			stack.push(big.NewInt(time))

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", time)
		case NUMBER:
			number := self.env.BlockNumber()

			stack.push(U256(number))

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", number.Bytes())
		case DIFFICULTY:
			difficulty := self.env.Difficulty()

			stack.push(difficulty)

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", difficulty.Bytes())
		case GASLIMIT:
			self.Printf(" => %v", self.env.GasLimit())

			stack.push(self.env.GasLimit())

			// 0x50 range
		case PUSH1, PUSH2, PUSH3, PUSH4, PUSH5, PUSH6, PUSH7, PUSH8, PUSH9, PUSH10, PUSH11, PUSH12, PUSH13, PUSH14, PUSH15, PUSH16, PUSH17, PUSH18, PUSH19, PUSH20, PUSH21, PUSH22, PUSH23, PUSH24, PUSH25, PUSH26, PUSH27, PUSH28, PUSH29, PUSH30, PUSH31, PUSH32:
			a := big.NewInt(int64(op - PUSH1 + 1))
			byts := getData(code, new(big.Int).Add(pc, big.NewInt(1)), a)
			// push value to stack
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(byts))
			pc.Add(pc, a)

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", byts)
		case POP:
			stack.pop()
		case DUP1, DUP2, DUP3, DUP4, DUP5, DUP6, DUP7, DUP8, DUP9, DUP10, DUP11, DUP12, DUP13, DUP14, DUP15, DUP16:
			n := int(op - DUP1 + 1)
			stack.dup(n)

			self.Printf(" => [%d] 0x%x", n, stack.peek().Bytes())
		case SWAP1, SWAP2, SWAP3, SWAP4, SWAP5, SWAP6, SWAP7, SWAP8, SWAP9, SWAP10, SWAP11, SWAP12, SWAP13, SWAP14, SWAP15, SWAP16:
			n := int(op - SWAP1 + 2)
			stack.swap(n)

			self.Printf(" => [%d]", n)
		case LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, LOG3, LOG4:
			n := int(op - LOG0)
			topics := make([]common.Hash, n)
			mStart, mSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
				topics[i] = common.BigToHash(stack.pop()) //common.LeftPadBytes(stack.pop().Bytes(), 32)
			}

			data := mem.Get(mStart.Int64(), mSize.Int64())
			log := state.NewLog(context.Address(), topics, data, self.env.BlockNumber().Uint64())
			//log := &Log{context.Address(), topics, data, self.env.BlockNumber().Uint64()}
			self.env.AddLog(log)

			self.Printf(" => %v", log)
		case MLOAD:
			offset := stack.pop()
			val := common.BigD(mem.Get(offset.Int64(), 32))
			stack.push(val)

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", val.Bytes())
		case MSTORE: // Store the value at stack top-1 in to memory at location stack top
			// pop value of the stack
			mStart, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			mem.Set(mStart.Uint64(), 32, common.BigToBytes(val, 256))

			self.Printf(" => 0x%x", val)
		case MSTORE8:
			off, val := stack.pop().Int64(), stack.pop().Int64()

			mem.store[off] = byte(val & 0xff)

			self.Printf(" => [%v] 0x%x", off, mem.store[off])
		case SLOAD:
			loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
			val := common.Bytes2Big(statedb.GetState(context.Address(), loc))
			stack.push(val)

			self.Printf(" {0x%x : 0x%x}", loc, val.Bytes())
		case SSTORE:
			loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
			val := stack.pop()

			statedb.SetState(context.Address(), loc, val)

			self.Printf(" {0x%x : 0x%x}", loc, val.Bytes())
		case JUMP:
			if err := jump(pc, stack.pop()); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}

			continue
		case JUMPI:
			pos, cond := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			if cond.Cmp(common.BigTrue) >= 0 {
				if err := jump(pc, pos); err != nil {
					return nil, err
				}

				continue
			}

			self.Printf(" ~> false")

		case JUMPDEST:
		case PC:
			//stack.push(big.NewInt(int64(pc)))
			stack.push(pc)
		case MSIZE:
			stack.push(big.NewInt(int64(mem.Len())))
		case GAS:
			stack.push(context.Gas)

			self.Printf(" => %x", context.Gas)
			// 0x60 range
		case CREATE:

			var (
				value        = stack.pop()
				offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
				input        = mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
				gas          = new(big.Int).Set(context.Gas)
				addr         common.Address
			)
			self.Endl()

			context.UseGas(context.Gas)
			ret, suberr, ref := self.env.Create(context, input, gas, price, value)
			if suberr != nil {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)

				self.Printf(" (*) 0x0 %v", suberr)
			} else {
				// gas < len(ret) * CreateDataGas == NO_CODE
				dataGas := big.NewInt(int64(len(ret)))
				dataGas.Mul(dataGas, params.CreateDataGas)
				if context.UseGas(dataGas) {
					ref.SetCode(ret)
				}
				addr = ref.Address()

				stack.push(addr.Big())

			}

		case CALL, CALLCODE:
			gas := stack.pop()
			// pop gas and value of the stack.
			addr, value := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			value = U256(value)
			// pop input size and offset
			inOffset, inSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			// pop return size and offset
			retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()

			address := common.BigToAddress(addr)
			self.Printf(" => %x", address).Endl()

			// Get the arguments from the memory
			args := mem.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())

			if len(value.Bytes()) > 0 {
				gas.Add(gas, params.CallStipend)
			}

			var (
				ret []byte
				err error
			)
			if op == CALLCODE {
				ret, err = self.env.CallCode(context, address, args, gas, price, value)
			} else {
				ret, err = self.env.Call(context, address, args, gas, price, value)
			}

			if err != nil {
				stack.push(common.BigFalse)

				self.Printf("%v").Endl()
			} else {
				stack.push(common.BigTrue)

				mem.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
			}
			self.Printf("resume %x (%v)", context.Address(), context.Gas)
		case RETURN:
			offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			ret := mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())

			self.Printf(" => [%v, %v] (%d) 0x%x", offset, size, len(ret), ret).Endl()

			return context.Return(ret), nil
		case SUICIDE:
			receiver := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(common.BigToAddress(stack.pop()))
			balance := statedb.GetBalance(context.Address())

			self.Printf(" => (%x) %v", receiver.Address().Bytes()[:4], balance)

			receiver.AddBalance(balance)

			statedb.Delete(context.Address())

			fallthrough
		case STOP: // Stop the context
			self.Endl()

			return context.Return(nil), nil
		default:
			self.Printf("(pc) %-3v Invalid opcode %x\n", pc, op).Endl()

			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid opcode %x", op)
		}

		pc.Add(pc, One)

		self.Endl()
	}
}