Example #1
0
func ExampleTx_CopyFile() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Create a bucket and a key.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar"))
		return nil
	})

	// Copy the database to another file.
	toFile := tempfile()
	db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return tx.CopyFile(toFile, 0666) })
	defer os.Remove(toFile)

	// Open the cloned database.
	db2, _ := bolt.Open(toFile, 0666, nil)
	defer db2.Close()

	// Ensure that the key exists in the copy.
	db2.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
		fmt.Printf("The value for 'foo' in the clone is: %s\n", value)
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// The value for 'foo' in the clone is: bar
}
Example #2
0
// Ensure that a database that is too small returns an error.
func TestDB_Open_FileTooSmall(t *testing.T) {
	path := tempfile()
	defer os.Remove(path)

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	ok(t, err)
	db.Close()

	// corrupt the database
	ok(t, os.Truncate(path, int64(os.Getpagesize())))

	db, err = bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	equals(t, errors.New("file size too small"), err)
}
Example #3
0
// Ensure that a re-opened database is consistent.
func TestOpen_Check(t *testing.T) {
	path := tempfile()
	defer os.Remove(path)

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	ok(t, err)
	ok(t, db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return <-tx.Check() }))
	db.Close()

	db, err = bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	ok(t, err)
	ok(t, db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return <-tx.Check() }))
	db.Close()
}
Example #4
0
// NewTestDB returns a new instance of TestDB.
func NewTestDB() *TestDB {
	db, err := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	if err != nil {
		panic("cannot open db: " + err.Error())
	}
	return &TestDB{db}
}
Example #5
0
func ExampleBucket_ForEach() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Insert data into a bucket.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("animals"))
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte("animals"))
		b.Put([]byte("dog"), []byte("fun"))
		b.Put([]byte("cat"), []byte("lame"))
		b.Put([]byte("liger"), []byte("awesome"))

		// Iterate over items in sorted key order.
		b.ForEach(func(k, v []byte) error {
			fmt.Printf("A %s is %s.\n", k, v)
			return nil
		})
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// A cat is lame.
	// A dog is fun.
	// A liger is awesome.
}
Example #6
0
func ExampleBucket_Put() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Start a write transaction.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		// Create a bucket.
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))

		// Set the value "bar" for the key "foo".
		tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar"))
		return nil
	})

	// Read value back in a different read-only transaction.
	db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
		fmt.Printf("The value of 'foo' is: %s\n", value)
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// The value of 'foo' is: bar
}
Example #7
0
// Keys retrieves a list of keys for a given bucket.
func Keys(path, name string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	err = db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		// Find bucket.
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte(name))
		if b == nil {
			fatalf("bucket not found: %s", name)
			return nil
		}

		// Iterate over each key.
		return b.ForEach(func(key, _ []byte) error {
			println(string(key))
			return nil
		})
	})
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
}
Example #8
0
func ExampleTx_Rollback() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Create a bucket.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		return err
	})

	// Set a value for a key.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		return tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar"))
	})

	// Update the key but rollback the transaction so it never saves.
	tx, _ := db.Begin(true)
	b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
	b.Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("baz"))
	tx.Rollback()

	// Ensure that our original value is still set.
	db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
		fmt.Printf("The value for 'foo' is still: %s\n", value)
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// The value for 'foo' is still: bar
}
Example #9
0
func ExampleDB_Update() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Execute several commands within a write transaction.
	err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		b, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := b.Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar")); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return nil
	})

	// If our transactional block didn't return an error then our data is saved.
	if err == nil {
		db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
			value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
			fmt.Printf("The value of 'foo' is: %s\n", value)
			return nil
		})
	}

	// Output:
	// The value of 'foo' is: bar
}
Example #10
0
func ExampleDB_View() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Insert data into a bucket.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("people"))
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte("people"))
		b.Put([]byte("john"), []byte("doe"))
		b.Put([]byte("susy"), []byte("que"))
		return nil
	})

	// Access data from within a read-only transactional block.
	db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		v := tx.Bucket([]byte("people")).Get([]byte("john"))
		fmt.Printf("John's last name is %s.\n", v)
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// John's last name is doe.
}
Example #11
0
func ExampleDB_Begin_ReadOnly() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Create a bucket.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		return err
	})

	// Create several keys in a transaction.
	tx, _ := db.Begin(true)
	b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
	b.Put([]byte("john"), []byte("blue"))
	b.Put([]byte("abby"), []byte("red"))
	b.Put([]byte("zephyr"), []byte("purple"))
	tx.Commit()

	// Iterate over the values in sorted key order.
	tx, _ = db.Begin(false)
	c := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Cursor()
	for k, v := c.First(); k != nil; k, v = c.Next() {
		fmt.Printf("%s likes %s\n", k, v)
	}
	tx.Rollback()

	// Output:
	// abby likes red
	// john likes blue
	// zephyr likes purple
}
Example #12
0
// Ensure that a database can be opened without error.
func TestOpen(t *testing.T) {
	path := tempfile()
	defer os.Remove(path)
	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	assert(t, db != nil, "")
	ok(t, err)
	equals(t, db.Path(), path)
	ok(t, db.Close())
}
Example #13
0
// Ensure that the database returns an error if the file handle cannot be open.
func TestDB_Open_FileError(t *testing.T) {
	path := tempfile()
	defer os.Remove(path)

	_, err := bolt.Open(path+"/youre-not-my-real-parent", 0666, nil)
	assert(t, err.(*os.PathError) != nil, "")
	equals(t, path+"/youre-not-my-real-parent", err.(*os.PathError).Path)
	equals(t, "open", err.(*os.PathError).Op)
}
Example #14
0
// open creates and opens a Bolt database in the temp directory.
func open(fn func(*bolt.DB, string)) {
	path := tempfile()
	defer os.RemoveAll(path)

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		panic("db open error: " + err.Error())
	}
	fn(db, path)
}
Example #15
0
// Ensure that opening an already open database file will timeout.
func TestOpen_Timeout(t *testing.T) {
	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
		t.Skip("timeout not supported on windows")
	}

	path := tempfile()
	defer os.Remove(path)

	// Open a data file.
	db0, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
	assert(t, db0 != nil, "")
	ok(t, err)

	// Attempt to open the database again.
	start := time.Now()
	db1, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, &bolt.Options{Timeout: 100 * time.Millisecond})
	assert(t, db1 == nil, "")
	equals(t, bolt.ErrTimeout, err)
	assert(t, time.Since(start) > 100*time.Millisecond, "")

	db0.Close()
}
Example #16
0
func FileLocalStore(path string) (LocalStore, error) {
	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, &bolt.Options{Timeout: time.Second})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		_, err := tx.CreateBucketIfNotExists([]byte(dbBucket))
		return err
	}); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &fileLocalStore{db: db}, nil
}
Example #17
0
// Info prints basic information about a database.
func Info(path string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	// Print basic database info.
	var info = db.Info()
	printf("Page Size: %d", info.PageSize)
}
Example #18
0
func ExampleBucket_Delete() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Start a write transaction.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		// Create a bucket.
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))

		// Set the value "bar" for the key "foo".
		b.Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar"))

		// Retrieve the key back from the database and verify it.
		value := b.Get([]byte("foo"))
		fmt.Printf("The value of 'foo' was: %s\n", value)
		return nil
	})

	// Delete the key in a different write transaction.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		return tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Delete([]byte("foo"))
	})

	// Retrieve the key again.
	db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
		if value == nil {
			fmt.Printf("The value of 'foo' is now: nil\n")
		}
		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// The value of 'foo' was: bar
	// The value of 'foo' is now: nil
}
Example #19
0
func ExampleCursor_reverse() {
	// Open the database.
	db, _ := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
	defer os.Remove(db.Path())
	defer db.Close()

	// Start a read-write transaction.
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		// Create a new bucket.
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("animals"))

		// Insert data into a bucket.
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte("animals"))
		b.Put([]byte("dog"), []byte("fun"))
		b.Put([]byte("cat"), []byte("lame"))
		b.Put([]byte("liger"), []byte("awesome"))

		// Create a cursor for iteration.
		c := b.Cursor()

		// Iterate over items in reverse sorted key order. This starts
		// from the last key/value pair and updates the k/v variables to
		// the previous key/value on each iteration.
		//
		// The loop finishes at the beginning of the cursor when a nil key
		// is returned.
		for k, v := c.Last(); k != nil; k, v = c.Prev() {
			fmt.Printf("A %s is %s.\n", k, v)
		}

		return nil
	})

	// Output:
	// A liger is awesome.
	// A dog is fun.
	// A cat is lame.
}
Example #20
0
// Check performs a consistency check on the database and prints any errors found.
func Check(path string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	// Perform consistency check.
	_ = db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		var count int
		ch := tx.Check()
	loop:
		for {
			select {
			case err, ok := <-ch:
				if !ok {
					break loop
				}
				println(err)
				count++
			}
		}

		// Print summary of errors.
		if count > 0 {
			fatalf("%d errors found", count)
		} else {
			println("OK")
		}
		return nil
	})
}
Example #21
0
// Ensure that the database can be copied to a file path.
func TestTx_CopyFile(t *testing.T) {
	db := NewTestDB()
	defer db.Close()
	var dest = tempfile()
	db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
		tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar"))
		tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("baz"), []byte("bat"))
		return nil
	})

	ok(t, db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return tx.CopyFile(dest, 0600) }))

	db2, err := bolt.Open(dest, 0600, nil)
	ok(t, err)
	defer db2.Close()

	db2.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		equals(t, []byte("bar"), tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo")))
		equals(t, []byte("bat"), tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("baz")))
		return nil
	})
}
Example #22
0
// Get retrieves the value for a given bucket/key.
func Get(path, name, key string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	err = db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		// Find bucket.
		b := tx.Bucket([]byte(name))
		if b == nil {
			fatalf("bucket not found: %s", name)
			return nil
		}

		// Find value for a given key.
		value := b.Get([]byte(key))
		if value == nil {
			fatalf("key not found: %s", key)
			return nil
		}

		println(string(value))
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
}
Example #23
0
// Buckets prints a list of all buckets.
func Buckets(path string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	err = db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		return tx.ForEach(func(name []byte, _ *bolt.Bucket) error {
			println(string(name))
			return nil
		})
	})
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
}
Example #24
0
// Collect stats for all top level buckets matching the prefix.
func Stats(path, prefix string) {
	if _, err := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}

	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	defer db.Close()

	err = db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		var s bolt.BucketStats
		var count int
		var prefix = []byte(prefix)
		tx.ForEach(func(name []byte, b *bolt.Bucket) error {
			if bytes.HasPrefix(name, prefix) {
				s.Add(b.Stats())
				count += 1
			}
			return nil
		})
		printf("Aggregate statistics for %d buckets\n\n", count)

		println("Page count statistics")
		printf("\tNumber of logical branch pages: %d\n", s.BranchPageN)
		printf("\tNumber of physical branch overflow pages: %d\n", s.BranchOverflowN)
		printf("\tNumber of logical leaf pages: %d\n", s.LeafPageN)
		printf("\tNumber of physical leaf overflow pages: %d\n", s.LeafOverflowN)

		println("Tree statistics")
		printf("\tNumber of keys/value pairs: %d\n", s.KeyN)
		printf("\tNumber of levels in B+tree: %d\n", s.Depth)

		println("Page size utilization")
		printf("\tBytes allocated for physical branch pages: %d\n", s.BranchAlloc)
		var percentage int
		if s.BranchAlloc != 0 {
			percentage = int(float32(s.BranchInuse) * 100.0 / float32(s.BranchAlloc))
		}
		printf("\tBytes actually used for branch data: %d (%d%%)\n", s.BranchInuse, percentage)
		printf("\tBytes allocated for physical leaf pages: %d\n", s.LeafAlloc)
		percentage = 0
		if s.LeafAlloc != 0 {
			percentage = int(float32(s.LeafInuse) * 100.0 / float32(s.LeafAlloc))
		}
		printf("\tBytes actually used for leaf data: %d (%d%%)\n", s.LeafInuse, percentage)

		println("Bucket statistics")
		printf("\tTotal number of buckets: %d\n", s.BucketN)
		percentage = int(float32(s.InlineBucketN) * 100.0 / float32(s.BucketN))
		printf("\tTotal number on inlined buckets: %d (%d%%)\n", s.InlineBucketN, percentage)
		percentage = 0
		if s.LeafInuse != 0 {
			percentage = int(float32(s.InlineBucketInuse) * 100.0 / float32(s.LeafInuse))
		}
		printf("\tBytes used for inlined buckets: %d (%d%%)\n", s.InlineBucketInuse, percentage)

		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
}
Example #25
0
// Bench executes a customizable, synthetic benchmark against Bolt.
func Bench(options *BenchOptions) {
	var results BenchResults

	// Validate options.
	if options.BatchSize == 0 {
		options.BatchSize = options.Iterations
	} else if options.Iterations%options.BatchSize != 0 {
		fatal("number of iterations must be divisible by the batch size")
	}

	// Find temporary location.
	path := tempfile()

	if options.Clean {
		defer os.Remove(path)
	} else {
		println("work:", path)
	}

	// Create database.
	db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0600, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fatal(err)
		return
	}
	db.NoSync = options.NoSync
	defer db.Close()

	// Enable streaming stats.
	if options.StatsInterval > 0 {
		go printStats(db, options.StatsInterval)
	}

	// Start profiling for writes.
	if options.ProfileMode == "rw" || options.ProfileMode == "w" {
		benchStartProfiling(options)
	}

	// Write to the database.
	if err := benchWrite(db, options, &results); err != nil {
		fatal("bench: write: ", err)
	}

	// Stop profiling for writes only.
	if options.ProfileMode == "w" {
		benchStopProfiling()
	}

	// Start profiling for reads.
	if options.ProfileMode == "r" {
		benchStartProfiling(options)
	}

	// Read from the database.
	if err := benchRead(db, options, &results); err != nil {
		fatal("bench: read: ", err)
	}

	// Stop profiling for writes only.
	if options.ProfileMode == "rw" || options.ProfileMode == "r" {
		benchStopProfiling()
	}

	// Print results.
	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "# Write\t%v\t(%v/op)\t(%v op/sec)\n", results.WriteDuration, results.WriteOpDuration(), results.WriteOpsPerSecond())
	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "# Read\t%v\t(%v/op)\t(%v op/sec)\n", results.ReadDuration, results.ReadOpDuration(), results.ReadOpsPerSecond())
	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "")
}
Example #26
0
// Ensure that opening a database with a bad path returns an error.
func TestOpen_BadPath(t *testing.T) {
	db, err := bolt.Open("", 0666, nil)
	assert(t, err != nil, "err: %s", err)
	assert(t, db == nil, "")
}