// makeCurrent creates a new environment for the current cycle.
func (self *worker) makeCurrent(parent *types.Block, header *types.Header) {
state := state.New(parent.Root(), self.eth.ChainDb())
work := &Work{
state: state,
ancestors: set.New(),
family: set.New(),
uncles: set.New(),
header: header,
coinbase: state.GetOrNewStateObject(self.coinbase),
createdAt: time.Now(),
}
// when 08 is processed ancestors contain 07 (quick block)
for _, ancestor := range self.chain.GetBlocksFromHash(parent.Hash(), 7) {
for _, uncle := range ancestor.Uncles() {
work.family.Add(uncle.Hash())
}
work.family.Add(ancestor.Hash())
work.ancestors.Add(ancestor.Hash())
}
accounts, _ := self.eth.AccountManager().Accounts()
// Keep track of transactions which return errors so they can be removed
work.remove = set.New()
work.tcount = 0
work.ignoredTransactors = set.New()
work.lowGasTransactors = set.New()
work.ownedAccounts = accountAddressesSet(accounts)
if self.current != nil {
work.localMinedBlocks = self.current.localMinedBlocks
}
self.current = work
}
func (self *Filter) bloomFilter(block *types.Block) bool {
if len(self.address) > 0 {
var included bool
for _, addr := range self.address {
if types.BloomLookup(block.Bloom(), addr) {
included = true
break
}
}
if !included {
return false
}
}
for _, sub := range self.topics {
var included bool
for _, topic := range sub {
if (topic == common.Hash{}) || types.BloomLookup(block.Bloom(), topic) {
included = true
break
}
}
if !included {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// SendNewBlock propagates an entire block to a remote peer.
func (p *peer) SendNewBlock(block *types.Block, td *big.Int) error {
propBlockOutPacketsMeter.Mark(1)
propBlockOutTrafficMeter.Mark(block.Size().Int64())
p.knownBlocks.Add(block.Hash())
return p2p.Send(p.rw, NewBlockMsg, []interface{}{block, td})
}
func (self *SQLDB) DeleteBlock(block *types.Block) {
query := `DELETE FROM blocks WHERE number = ?`
_, err := self.db.Exec(query, block.Number().Uint64())
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("Error creating SQL tables", err, query)
}
}
func blockRecovery(ctx *cli.Context) {
utils.CheckLegalese(ctx.GlobalString(utils.DataDirFlag.Name))
arg := ctx.Args().First()
if len(ctx.Args()) < 1 && len(arg) > 0 {
glog.Fatal("recover requires block number or hash")
}
cfg := utils.MakeEthConfig(ClientIdentifier, nodeNameVersion, ctx)
utils.CheckLegalese(cfg.DataDir)
blockDb, err := ethdb.NewLDBDatabase(filepath.Join(cfg.DataDir, "blockchain"), cfg.DatabaseCache)
if err != nil {
glog.Fatalln("could not open db:", err)
}
var block *types.Block
if arg[0] == '#' {
block = core.GetBlockByNumber(blockDb, common.String2Big(arg[1:]).Uint64())
} else {
block = core.GetBlockByHash(blockDb, common.HexToHash(arg))
}
if block == nil {
glog.Fatalln("block not found. Recovery failed")
}
err = core.WriteHead(blockDb, block)
if err != nil {
glog.Fatalln("block write err", err)
}
glog.Infof("Recovery succesful. New HEAD %x\n", block.Hash())
}
func (bc *ChainManager) removeBlock(block *types.Block) {
if bc.sqlDB != nil {
bc.sqlDB.DeleteBlock(block)
}
bc.chainDb.Delete(append(blockHashPre, block.Hash().Bytes()...))
}
// enqueue schedules a new future import operation, if the block to be imported
// has not yet been seen.
func (f *Fetcher) enqueue(peer string, block *types.Block) {
hash := block.Hash()
// Ensure the peer isn't DOSing us
count := f.queues[peer] + 1
if count > blockLimit {
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infof("Peer %s: discarded block #%d [%x], exceeded allowance (%d)", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash.Bytes()[:4], blockLimit)
return
}
// Discard any past or too distant blocks
if dist := int64(block.NumberU64()) - int64(f.chainHeight()); dist < -maxUncleDist || dist > maxQueueDist {
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infof("Peer %s: discarded block #%d [%x], distance %d", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash.Bytes()[:4], dist)
discardMeter.Mark(1)
return
}
// Schedule the block for future importing
if _, ok := f.queued[hash]; !ok {
op := &inject{
origin: peer,
block: block,
}
f.queues[peer] = count
f.queued[hash] = op
f.queue.Push(op, -float32(block.NumberU64()))
if glog.V(logger.Debug) {
glog.Infof("Peer %s: queued block #%d [%x], total %v", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash.Bytes()[:4], f.queue.Size())
}
}
}
// WriteCanonNumber writes the canonical hash for the given block
func WriteCanonNumber(db common.Database, block *types.Block) error {
key := append(blockNumPre, block.Number().Bytes()...)
err := db.Put(key, block.Hash().Bytes())
if err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// CalcTD computes the total difficulty of block.
func CalcTD(block, parent *types.Block) *big.Int {
if parent == nil {
return block.Difficulty()
}
d := block.Difficulty()
d.Add(d, parent.Td)
return d
}
// GetLogs returns the logs of the given block. This method is using a two step approach
// where it tries to get it from the (updated) method which gets them from the receipts or
// the depricated way by re-processing the block.
func (sm *BlockProcessor) GetLogs(block *types.Block) (logs state.Logs, err error) {
receipts := GetBlockReceipts(sm.chainDb, block.Hash())
// coalesce logs
for _, receipt := range receipts {
logs = append(logs, receipt.Logs()...)
}
return logs, nil
}
func (self *ChainManager) GetUnclesInChain(block *types.Block, length int) (uncles []*types.Header) {
for i := 0; block != nil && i < length; i++ {
uncles = append(uncles, block.Uncles()...)
block = self.GetBlock(block.ParentHash())
}
return
}
// WriteHead force writes the current head
func WriteHead(db common.Database, block *types.Block) error {
err := WriteCanonNumber(db, block)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = db.Put([]byte("LastBlock"), block.Hash().Bytes())
if err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// BroadcastBlock will either propagate a block to a subset of it's peers, or
// will only announce it's availability (depending what's requested).
func (pm *ProtocolManager) BroadcastBlock(block *types.Block, propagate bool) {
hash := block.Hash()
peers := pm.peers.PeersWithoutBlock(hash)
// If propagation is requested, send to a subset of the peer
if propagate {
// Calculate the TD of the block (it's not imported yet, so block.Td is not valid)
var td *big.Int
if parent := pm.chainman.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()); parent != nil {
td = new(big.Int).Add(parent.Td, block.Difficulty())
} else {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("propagating dangling block #%d [%x]", block.NumberU64(), hash[:4])
return
}
// Send the block to a subset of our peers
transfer := peers[:int(math.Sqrt(float64(len(peers))))]
for _, peer := range transfer {
peer.SendNewBlock(block, td)
}
glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("propagated block %x to %d peers in %v", hash[:4], len(transfer), time.Since(block.ReceivedAt))
}
// Otherwise if the block is indeed in out own chain, announce it
if pm.chainman.HasBlock(hash) {
for _, peer := range peers {
peer.SendNewBlockHashes([]common.Hash{hash})
}
glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("announced block %x to %d peers in %v", hash[:4], len(peers), time.Since(block.ReceivedAt))
}
}
// CalcGasLimit computes the gas limit of the next block after parent.
// The result may be modified by the caller.
// This is miner strategy, not consensus protocol.
func CalcGasLimit(parent *types.Block) *big.Int {
// contrib = (parentGasUsed * 3 / 2) / 1024
contrib := new(big.Int).Mul(parent.GasUsed(), big.NewInt(3))
contrib = contrib.Div(contrib, big.NewInt(2))
contrib = contrib.Div(contrib, params.GasLimitBoundDivisor)
// decay = parentGasLimit / 1024 -1
decay := new(big.Int).Div(parent.GasLimit(), params.GasLimitBoundDivisor)
decay.Sub(decay, big.NewInt(1))
/*
strategy: gasLimit of block-to-mine is set based on parent's
gasUsed value. if parentGasUsed > parentGasLimit * (2/3) then we
increase it, otherwise lower it (or leave it unchanged if it's right
at that usage) the amount increased/decreased depends on how far away
from parentGasLimit * (2/3) parentGasUsed is.
*/
gl := new(big.Int).Sub(parent.GasLimit(), decay)
gl = gl.Add(gl, contrib)
gl.Set(common.BigMax(gl, params.MinGasLimit))
// however, if we're now below the target (GenesisGasLimit) we increase the
// limit as much as we can (parentGasLimit / 1024 -1)
if gl.Cmp(params.GenesisGasLimit) < 0 {
gl.Add(parent.GasLimit(), decay)
gl.Set(common.BigMin(gl, params.GenesisGasLimit))
}
return gl
}
// makeChain creates a chain of n blocks starting at but not including
// parent. the returned hash chain is ordered head->parent.
func makeChain(n int, seed byte, parent *types.Block) ([]common.Hash, map[common.Hash]*types.Block) {
blocks := core.GenerateChain(parent, testdb, n, func(i int, gen *core.BlockGen) {
gen.SetCoinbase(common.Address{seed})
})
hashes := make([]common.Hash, n+1)
hashes[len(hashes)-1] = parent.Hash()
blockm := make(map[common.Hash]*types.Block, n+1)
blockm[parent.Hash()] = parent
for i, b := range blocks {
hashes[len(hashes)-i-2] = b.Hash()
blockm[b.Hash()] = b
}
return hashes, blockm
}
func (self *BlockProcessor) ApplyTransactions(gp GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, block *types.Block, txs types.Transactions, transientProcess bool) (types.Receipts, error) {
var (
receipts types.Receipts
totalUsedGas = big.NewInt(0)
err error
cumulativeSum = new(big.Int)
header = block.Header()
)
for i, tx := range txs {
statedb.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), block.Hash(), i)
receipt, txGas, err := self.ApplyTransaction(gp, statedb, header, tx, totalUsedGas, transientProcess)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Core).Infoln("TX err:", err)
}
receipts = append(receipts, receipt)
cumulativeSum.Add(cumulativeSum, new(big.Int).Mul(txGas, tx.GasPrice()))
}
if block.GasUsed().Cmp(totalUsedGas) != 0 {
return nil, ValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("gas used error (%v / %v)", block.GasUsed(), totalUsedGas))
}
if transientProcess {
go self.eventMux.Post(PendingBlockEvent{block, statedb.Logs()})
}
return receipts, err
}
func (bc *ChainManager) SetHead(head *types.Block) {
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
for block := bc.currentBlock; block != nil && block.Hash() != head.Hash(); block = bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()) {
bc.removeBlock(block)
}
bc.cache, _ = lru.New(blockCacheLimit)
bc.currentBlock = head
bc.makeCache()
bc.setTotalDifficulty(head.Td)
bc.insert(head)
bc.setLastState()
}
func (self *GasPriceOracle) processBlock(block *types.Block) {
i := block.NumberU64()
if i > self.lastProcessed {
self.lastProcessed = i
}
lastBase := self.eth.GpoMinGasPrice
bpl := self.blocks[i-1]
if bpl != nil {
lastBase = bpl.baseGasPrice
}
if lastBase == nil {
return
}
var corr int
lp := self.lowestPrice(block)
if lp == nil {
return
}
if lastBase.Cmp(lp) < 0 {
corr = self.eth.GpobaseStepUp
} else {
corr = -self.eth.GpobaseStepDown
}
crand := int64(corr * (900 + rand.Intn(201)))
newBase := new(big.Int).Mul(lastBase, big.NewInt(1000000+crand))
newBase.Div(newBase, big.NewInt(1000000))
if newBase.Cmp(self.minBase) < 0 {
newBase = self.minBase
}
bpi := self.blocks[i]
if bpi == nil {
bpi = &blockPriceInfo{}
self.blocks[i] = bpi
}
bpi.baseGasPrice = newBase
self.lastBaseMutex.Lock()
self.lastBase = newBase
self.lastBaseMutex.Unlock()
glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("Processed block #%v, base price is %v\n", block.NumberU64(), newBase.Int64())
}
func makeChainWithDiff(genesis *types.Block, d []int, seed byte) []*types.Block {
var chain []*types.Block
for i, difficulty := range d {
header := &types.Header{
Coinbase: common.Address{seed},
Number: big.NewInt(int64(i + 1)),
Difficulty: big.NewInt(int64(difficulty)),
}
if i == 0 {
header.ParentHash = genesis.Hash()
} else {
header.ParentHash = chain[i-1].Hash()
}
block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
chain = append(chain, block)
}
return chain
}
// PutBlockReceipts stores the block's transactions associated receipts
// and stores them by block hash in a single slice. This is required for
// forks and chain reorgs
func PutBlockReceipts(db common.Database, block *types.Block, receipts types.Receipts) error {
rs := make([]*types.ReceiptForStorage, len(receipts))
for i, receipt := range receipts {
rs[i] = (*types.ReceiptForStorage)(receipt)
}
bytes, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(rs)
if err != nil {
return err
}
hash := block.Hash()
err = db.Put(append(blockReceiptsPre, hash[:]...), bytes)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
func makeHeader(parent *types.Block, state *state.StateDB) *types.Header {
var time *big.Int
if parent.Time() == nil {
time = big.NewInt(10)
} else {
time = new(big.Int).Add(parent.Time(), big.NewInt(25)) // block time is fixed at 25 seconds
}
return &types.Header{
Root: state.Root(),
ParentHash: parent.Hash(),
Coinbase: parent.Coinbase(),
Difficulty: CalcDifficulty(time.Uint64(), new(big.Int).Sub(time, big.NewInt(10)).Uint64(), parent.Number(), parent.Difficulty()),
GasLimit: CalcGasLimit(parent),
GasUsed: new(big.Int),
Number: new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number(), common.Big1),
Time: time,
}
}
func (self *SQLDB) InsertBlock(block *types.Block) {
tx, err := self.db.Begin()
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB Begin:", err)
return
}
stmtBlock, err := tx.Prepare(`insert or replace into shift_blocks(number, hash) values(?, ?)`)
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB:", err)
return
}
defer stmtBlock.Close()
stmtTrans, err := tx.Prepare(`insert or replace into shift_transactions(hash, blocknumber, sender, receiver) values(?, ?, ?, ?)`)
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB:", err)
return
}
defer stmtTrans.Close()
// block
_, err = stmtBlock.Exec(block.Number().Uint64(), block.Hash().Hex())
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB:", err)
tx.Rollback()
return
}
// transactions
for _, trans := range block.Transactions() {
sender, err := trans.From()
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB:", err)
continue
}
senderHex := sender.Hex()
receiver := trans.To()
receiverHex := ""
if receiver != nil {
receiverHex = receiver.Hex()
}
_, err = stmtTrans.Exec(trans.Hash().Hex(), block.Number().Uint64(), senderHex, receiverHex)
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("SQL DB:", err)
tx.Rollback()
return
}
}
tx.Commit()
}
// insert injects a block into the current chain block chain. Note, this function
// assumes that the `mu` mutex is held!
func (bc *ChainManager) insert(block *types.Block) {
err := WriteHead(bc.chainDb, block)
if err != nil {
glog.Fatal("db write fail:", err)
}
bc.checkpoint++
if bc.checkpoint > checkpointLimit {
err = bc.chainDb.Put([]byte("checkpoint"), block.Hash().Bytes())
if err != nil {
glog.Fatal("db write fail:", err)
}
bc.checkpoint = 0
}
bc.currentBlock = block
bc.lastBlockHash = block.Hash()
}
func dump(ctx *cli.Context) {
chain, chainDb := utils.MakeChain(ctx)
for _, arg := range ctx.Args() {
var block *types.Block
if hashish(arg) {
block = chain.GetBlock(common.HexToHash(arg))
} else {
num, _ := strconv.Atoi(arg)
block = chain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(num))
}
if block == nil {
fmt.Println("{}")
utils.Fatalf("block not found")
} else {
state := state.New(block.Root(), chainDb)
fmt.Printf("%s\n", state.Dump())
}
}
chainDb.Close()
}
func (bc *BlockCache) Push(block *types.Block) {
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
if len(bc.hashes) == bc.size {
delete(bc.blocks, bc.hashes[0])
// XXX There are a few other options on solving this
// 1) use a poller / GC like mechanism to clean up untracked objects
// 2) copy as below
// re-use the slice and remove the reference to bc.hashes[0]
// this will allow the element to be garbage collected.
copy(bc.hashes, bc.hashes[1:])
} else {
bc.hashes = append(bc.hashes, common.Hash{})
}
hash := block.Hash()
bc.blocks[hash] = block
bc.hashes[len(bc.hashes)-1] = hash
}
// returns the lowers possible price with which a tx was or could have been included
func (self *GasPriceOracle) lowestPrice(block *types.Block) *big.Int {
gasUsed := big.NewInt(0)
receipts := self.eth.BlockProcessor().GetBlockReceipts(block.Hash())
if len(receipts) > 0 {
if cgu := receipts[len(receipts)-1].CumulativeGasUsed; cgu != nil {
gasUsed = receipts[len(receipts)-1].CumulativeGasUsed
}
}
if new(big.Int).Mul(gasUsed, big.NewInt(100)).Cmp(new(big.Int).Mul(block.GasLimit(),
big.NewInt(int64(self.eth.GpoFullBlockRatio)))) < 0 {
// block is not full, could have posted a tx with MinGasPrice
return big.NewInt(0)
}
txs := block.Transactions()
if len(txs) == 0 {
return big.NewInt(0)
}
// block is full, find smallest gasPrice
minPrice := txs[0].GasPrice()
for i := 1; i < len(txs); i++ {
price := txs[i].GasPrice()
if price.Cmp(minPrice) < 0 {
minPrice = price
}
}
return minPrice
}
func (bc *ChainManager) ResetWithGenesisBlock(gb *types.Block) {
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
for block := bc.currentBlock; block != nil; block = bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()) {
bc.removeBlock(block)
}
// Prepare the genesis block
gb.Td = gb.Difficulty()
bc.genesisBlock = gb
err := WriteBlock(bc.chainDb, bc.genesisBlock)
if err != nil {
glog.Fatalln("db err:", err)
}
bc.insert(bc.genesisBlock)
bc.currentBlock = bc.genesisBlock
bc.makeCache()
bc.td = gb.Difficulty()
}
// GenerateChain creates a chain of n blocks. The first block's
// parent will be the provided parent. db is used to store
// intermediate states and should contain the parent's state trie.
//
// The generator function is called with a new block generator for
// every block. Any transactions and uncles added to the generator
// become part of the block. If gen is nil, the blocks will be empty
// and their coinbase will be the zero address.
//
// Blocks created by GenerateChain do not contain valid proof of work
// values. Inserting them into ChainManager requires use of FakePow or
// a similar non-validating proof of work implementation.
func GenerateChain(parent *types.Block, db common.Database, n int, gen func(int, *BlockGen)) []*types.Block {
statedb := state.New(parent.Root(), db)
blocks := make(types.Blocks, n)
genblock := func(i int, h *types.Header) *types.Block {
b := &BlockGen{parent: parent, i: i, chain: blocks, header: h, statedb: statedb}
if gen != nil {
gen(i, b)
}
AccumulateRewards(statedb, h, b.uncles)
statedb.SyncIntermediate()
h.Root = statedb.Root()
return types.NewBlock(h, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts)
}
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
header := makeHeader(parent, statedb)
block := genblock(i, header)
block.Td = CalcTD(block, parent)
blocks[i] = block
parent = block
}
return blocks
}
// WriteBlock writes the block to the chain (or pending queue)
func (self *ChainManager) WriteBlock(block *types.Block, queued bool) (status writeStatus, err error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
cblock := self.currentBlock
// Compare the TD of the last known block in the canonical chain to make sure it's greater.
// At this point it's possible that a different chain (fork) becomes the new canonical chain.
if block.Td.Cmp(self.Td()) > 0 {
// chain fork
if block.ParentHash() != cblock.Hash() {
// during split we merge two different chains and create the new canonical chain
err := self.merge(cblock, block)
if err != nil {
return NonStatTy, err
}
status = SplitStatTy
}
self.mu.Lock()
self.setTotalDifficulty(block.Td)
self.insert(block)
self.mu.Unlock()
status = CanonStatTy
} else {
status = SideStatTy
}
err = WriteBlock(self.chainDb, block)
if err != nil {
glog.Fatalln("db err:", err)
}
// Delete from future blocks
self.futureBlocks.Remove(block.Hash())
return
}
// insert spawns a new goroutine to run a block insertion into the chain. If the
// block's number is at the same height as the current import phase, if updates
// the phase states accordingly.
func (f *Fetcher) insert(peer string, block *types.Block) {
hash := block.Hash()
// Run the import on a new thread
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infof("Peer %s: importing block #%d [%x]", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash[:4])
go func() {
defer func() { f.done <- hash }()
// If the parent's unknown, abort insertion
parent := f.getBlock(block.ParentHash())
if parent == nil {
return
}
// Quickly validate the header and propagate the block if it passes
switch err := f.validateBlock(block, parent); err {
case nil:
// All ok, quickly propagate to our peers
broadcastTimer.UpdateSince(block.ReceivedAt)
go f.broadcastBlock(block, true)
case core.BlockFutureErr:
futureMeter.Mark(1)
// Weird future block, don't fail, but neither propagate
default:
// Something went very wrong, drop the peer
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infof("Peer %s: block #%d [%x] verification failed: %v", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash[:4], err)
f.dropPeer(peer)
return
}
// Run the actual import and log any issues
if _, err := f.insertChain(types.Blocks{block}); err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Warn).Infof("Peer %s: block #%d [%x] import failed: %v", peer, block.NumberU64(), hash[:4], err)
return
}
// If import succeeded, broadcast the block
announceTimer.UpdateSince(block.ReceivedAt)
go f.broadcastBlock(block, false)
// Invoke the testing hook if needed
if f.importedHook != nil {
f.importedHook(block)
}
}()
}