Exemple #1
0
func runLs(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) < 1 || len(args) > 2 {
		return errors.Fatalf("no snapshot ID given")
	}

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, args[0])
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	sn, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(repo, id)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	Verbosef("snapshot of %v at %s:\n", sn.Paths, sn.Time)

	return printTree("", repo, *sn.Tree)
}
Exemple #2
0
func (c CmdFind) Execute(args []string) error {
	if len(args) != 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("wrong number of arguments, Usage: %s", c.Usage())
	}

	var err error

	if c.Oldest != "" {
		c.oldest, err = parseTime(c.Oldest)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	if c.Newest != "" {
		c.newest, err = parseTime(c.Newest)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	repo, err := c.global.OpenRepository()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	c.pattern = args[0]

	if c.Snapshot != "" {
		snapshotID, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, c.Snapshot)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("invalid id %q: %v", args[1], err)
		}

		return c.findInSnapshot(repo, snapshotID)
	}

	done := make(chan struct{})
	defer close(done)
	for snapshotID := range repo.List(backend.Snapshot, done) {
		err := c.findInSnapshot(repo, snapshotID)

		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}
Exemple #3
0
func (cmd CmdLs) Execute(args []string) error {
	if len(args) < 1 || len(args) > 2 {
		return fmt.Errorf("wrong number of arguments, Usage: %s", cmd.Usage())
	}

	repo, err := cmd.global.OpenRepository()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, args[0])
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	sn, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(repo, id)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmd.global.Verbosef("snapshot of %v at %s:\n", sn.Paths, sn.Time)

	return cmd.printTree("", repo, *sn.Tree)
}
Exemple #4
0
func runLs(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) < 1 || len(args) > 2 {
		return errors.Fatalf("no snapshot ID given")
	}

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	snapshotIDString := args[0]
	var id restic.ID

	if snapshotIDString == "latest" {
		id, err = restic.FindLatestSnapshot(repo, lsOptions.Paths, lsOptions.Host)
		if err != nil {
			Exitf(1, "latest snapshot for criteria not found: %v Paths:%v Host:%v", err, lsOptions.Paths, lsOptions.Host)
		}
	} else {
		id, err = restic.FindSnapshot(repo, snapshotIDString)
		if err != nil {
			Exitf(1, "invalid id %q: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
		}
	}

	sn, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(repo, id)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	Verbosef("snapshot of %v at %s:\n", sn.Paths, sn.Time)

	return printTree("", repo, *sn.Tree)
}
Exemple #5
0
func runRestore(opts RestoreOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) != 1 {
		return errors.Fatalf("no snapshot ID specified")
	}

	if opts.Target == "" {
		return errors.Fatal("please specify a directory to restore to (--target)")
	}

	if len(opts.Exclude) > 0 && len(opts.Include) > 0 {
		return errors.Fatal("exclude and include patterns are mutually exclusive")
	}

	snapshotIDString := args[0]

	debug.Log("restore %v to %v", snapshotIDString, opts.Target)

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if !gopts.NoLock {
		lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
		defer unlockRepo(lock)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var id restic.ID

	if snapshotIDString == "latest" {
		id, err = restic.FindLatestSnapshot(repo, opts.Paths, opts.Host)
		if err != nil {
			Exitf(1, "latest snapshot for criteria not found: %v Paths:%v Host:%v", err, opts.Paths, opts.Host)
		}
	} else {
		id, err = restic.FindSnapshot(repo, snapshotIDString)
		if err != nil {
			Exitf(1, "invalid id %q: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
		}
	}

	res, err := restic.NewRestorer(repo, id)
	if err != nil {
		Exitf(2, "creating restorer failed: %v\n", err)
	}

	res.Error = func(dir string, node *restic.Node, err error) error {
		Warnf("error for %s: %+v\n", dir, err)
		return nil
	}

	selectExcludeFilter := func(item string, dstpath string, node *restic.Node) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(opts.Exclude, item)
		if err != nil {
			Warnf("error for exclude pattern: %v", err)
		}

		return !matched
	}

	selectIncludeFilter := func(item string, dstpath string, node *restic.Node) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(opts.Include, item)
		if err != nil {
			Warnf("error for include pattern: %v", err)
		}

		return matched
	}

	if len(opts.Exclude) > 0 {
		res.SelectFilter = selectExcludeFilter
	} else if len(opts.Include) > 0 {
		res.SelectFilter = selectIncludeFilter
	}

	Verbosef("restoring %s to %s\n", res.Snapshot(), opts.Target)

	return res.RestoreTo(opts.Target)
}
Exemple #6
0
func runBackup(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	target, err := readLinesFromFile(opts.FilesFrom)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// merge files from files-from into normal args so we can reuse the normal
	// args checks and have the ability to use both files-from and args at the
	// same time
	args = append(args, target...)
	if len(args) == 0 {
		return errors.Fatalf("wrong number of parameters")
	}

	for _, d := range args {
		if a, err := filepath.Abs(d); err == nil {
			d = a
		}
		target = append(target, d)
	}

	target, err = filterExisting(target)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// allowed devices
	var allowedDevs map[uint64]struct{}
	if opts.ExcludeOtherFS {
		allowedDevs, err = gatherDevices(target)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		debug.Log("allowed devices: %v\n", allowedDevs)
	}

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var parentSnapshotID *restic.ID

	// Force using a parent
	if !opts.Force && opts.Parent != "" {
		id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, opts.Parent)
		if err != nil {
			return errors.Fatalf("invalid id %q: %v", opts.Parent, err)
		}

		parentSnapshotID = &id
	}

	// Find last snapshot to set it as parent, if not already set
	if !opts.Force && parentSnapshotID == nil {
		id, err := restic.FindLatestSnapshot(repo, target, "")
		if err == nil {
			parentSnapshotID = &id
		} else if err != restic.ErrNoSnapshotFound {
			return err
		}
	}

	if parentSnapshotID != nil {
		Verbosef("using parent snapshot %v\n", parentSnapshotID.Str())
	}

	Verbosef("scan %v\n", target)

	// add patterns from file
	if opts.ExcludeFile != "" {
		file, err := fs.Open(opts.ExcludeFile)
		if err != nil {
			Warnf("error reading exclude patterns: %v", err)
			return nil
		}

		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
		for scanner.Scan() {
			line := scanner.Text()
			if !strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") {
				line = os.ExpandEnv(line)
				opts.Excludes = append(opts.Excludes, line)
			}
		}
	}

	selectFilter := func(item string, fi os.FileInfo) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(opts.Excludes, item)
		if err != nil {
			Warnf("error for exclude pattern: %v", err)
		}

		if matched {
			debug.Log("path %q excluded by a filter", item)
			return false
		}

		if !opts.ExcludeOtherFS || fi == nil {
			return true
		}

		id, err := fs.DeviceID(fi)
		if err != nil {
			// This should never happen because gatherDevices() would have
			// errored out earlier. If it still does that's a reason to panic.
			panic(err)
		}
		_, found := allowedDevs[id]
		if !found {
			debug.Log("path %q on disallowed device %d", item, id)
			return false
		}

		return true
	}

	stat, err := archiver.Scan(target, selectFilter, newScanProgress(gopts))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	arch := archiver.New(repo)
	arch.Excludes = opts.Excludes
	arch.SelectFilter = selectFilter

	arch.Error = func(dir string, fi os.FileInfo, err error) error {
		// TODO: make ignoring errors configurable
		Warnf("%s\rerror for %s: %v\n", ClearLine(), dir, err)
		return nil
	}

	_, id, err := arch.Snapshot(newArchiveProgress(gopts, stat), target, opts.Tags, parentSnapshotID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	Verbosef("snapshot %s saved\n", id.Str())

	return nil
}
Exemple #7
0
func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepoExclusive(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// first, process all snapshot IDs given as arguments
	for _, s := range args {
		id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, s)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if !opts.DryRun {
			err = repo.Backend().Remove(restic.SnapshotFile, id.String())
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			Verbosef("removed snapshot %v\n", id.Str())
		} else {
			Verbosef("would removed snapshot %v\n", id.Str())
		}
	}

	policy := restic.ExpirePolicy{
		Last:    opts.Last,
		Hourly:  opts.Hourly,
		Daily:   opts.Daily,
		Weekly:  opts.Weekly,
		Monthly: opts.Monthly,
		Yearly:  opts.Yearly,
		Tags:    opts.KeepTags,
	}

	if policy.Empty() {
		return nil
	}

	// then, load all remaining snapshots
	snapshots, err := restic.LoadAllSnapshots(repo)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// group by hostname and dirs
	type key struct {
		Hostname string
		Dirs     string
	}

	snapshotGroups := make(map[key]restic.Snapshots)

	for _, sn := range snapshots {
		if opts.Hostname != "" && sn.Hostname != opts.Hostname {
			continue
		}

		if !sn.HasTags(opts.Tags) {
			continue
		}

		k := key{Hostname: sn.Hostname, Dirs: strings.Join(sn.Paths, ":")}
		list := snapshotGroups[k]
		list = append(list, sn)
		snapshotGroups[k] = list
	}

	for key, snapshotGroup := range snapshotGroups {
		Printf("snapshots for host %v, directories %v:\n\n", key.Hostname, key.Dirs)
		keep, remove := restic.ApplyPolicy(snapshotGroup, policy)

		Printf("keep %d snapshots:\n", len(keep))
		printSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, keep)
		Printf("\n")

		Printf("remove %d snapshots:\n", len(remove))
		printSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, remove)
		Printf("\n")

		if !opts.DryRun {
			for _, sn := range remove {
				err = repo.Backend().Remove(restic.SnapshotFile, sn.ID().String())
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}
Exemple #8
0
func (cmd CmdRestore) Execute(args []string) error {
	if len(args) != 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("wrong number of arguments, Usage: %s", cmd.Usage())
	}

	if cmd.Target == "" {
		return errors.New("please specify a directory to restore to (--target)")
	}

	if len(cmd.Exclude) > 0 && len(cmd.Include) > 0 {
		return errors.New("exclude and include patterns are mutually exclusive")
	}

	snapshotIDString := args[0]

	debug.Log("restore", "restore %v to %v", snapshotIDString, cmd.Target)

	repo, err := cmd.global.OpenRepository()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if !cmd.global.NoLock {
		lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
		defer unlockRepo(lock)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, snapshotIDString)
	if err != nil {
		cmd.global.Exitf(1, "invalid id %q: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
	}

	res, err := restic.NewRestorer(repo, id)
	if err != nil {
		cmd.global.Exitf(2, "creating restorer failed: %v\n", err)
	}

	res.Error = func(dir string, node *restic.Node, err error) error {
		cmd.global.Warnf("error for %s: %+v\n", dir, err)
		return nil
	}

	selectExcludeFilter := func(item string, dstpath string, node *restic.Node) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(cmd.Exclude, item)
		if err != nil {
			cmd.global.Warnf("error for exclude pattern: %v", err)
		}

		return !matched
	}

	selectIncludeFilter := func(item string, dstpath string, node *restic.Node) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(cmd.Include, item)
		if err != nil {
			cmd.global.Warnf("error for include pattern: %v", err)
		}

		return matched
	}

	if len(cmd.Exclude) > 0 {
		res.SelectFilter = selectExcludeFilter
	} else if len(cmd.Include) > 0 {
		res.SelectFilter = selectIncludeFilter
	}

	cmd.global.Verbosef("restoring %s to %s\n", res.Snapshot(), cmd.Target)

	err = res.RestoreTo(cmd.Target)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}
Exemple #9
0
func (cmd CmdCat) Execute(args []string) error {
	if len(args) < 1 || (args[0] != "masterkey" && args[0] != "config" && len(args) != 2) {
		return fmt.Errorf("type or ID not specified, Usage: %s", cmd.Usage())
	}

	repo, err := cmd.global.OpenRepository()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	tpe := args[0]

	var id backend.ID
	if tpe != "masterkey" && tpe != "config" {
		id, err = backend.ParseID(args[1])
		if err != nil {
			if tpe != "snapshot" {
				return err
			}

			// find snapshot id with prefix
			id, err = restic.FindSnapshot(repo, args[1])
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
	}

	// handle all types that don't need an index
	switch tpe {
	case "config":
		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(repo.Config, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "index":
		buf, err := repo.LoadAndDecrypt(backend.Index, id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
		return err

	case "snapshot":
		sn := &restic.Snapshot{}
		err = repo.LoadJSONUnpacked(backend.Snapshot, id, sn)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&sn, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))

		return nil
	case "key":
		h := backend.Handle{Type: backend.Key, Name: id.String()}
		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(repo.Backend(), h, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		key := &repository.Key{}
		err = json.Unmarshal(buf, key)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err = json.MarshalIndent(&key, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "masterkey":
		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(repo.Key(), "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "lock":
		lock, err := restic.LoadLock(repo, id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&lock, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))

		return nil
	}

	// load index, handle all the other types
	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	switch tpe {
	case "pack":
		h := backend.Handle{Type: backend.Data, Name: id.String()}
		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(repo.Backend(), h, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(buf)
		return err

	case "blob":
		blob, err := repo.Index().Lookup(id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf := make([]byte, blob.Length)
		data, err := repo.LoadBlob(blob.Type, id, buf)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(data)
		return err

	case "tree":
		debug.Log("cat", "cat tree %v", id.Str())
		tree := restic.NewTree()
		err = repo.LoadJSONPack(pack.Tree, id, tree)
		if err != nil {
			debug.Log("cat", "unable to load tree %v: %v", id.Str(), err)
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&tree, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			debug.Log("cat", "error json.MarshalIndent(): %v", err)
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
		return nil

	default:
		return errors.New("invalid type")
	}
}
Exemple #10
0
func (cmd CmdBackup) Execute(args []string) error {
	if len(args) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("wrong number of parameters, Usage: %s", cmd.Usage())
	}

	target := make([]string, 0, len(args))
	for _, d := range args {
		if a, err := filepath.Abs(d); err == nil {
			d = a
		}
		target = append(target, d)
	}

	target, err := filterExisting(target)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	repo, err := cmd.global.OpenRepository()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var parentSnapshotID *backend.ID

	// Force using a parent
	if !cmd.Force && cmd.Parent != "" {
		id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, cmd.Parent)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("invalid id %q: %v", cmd.Parent, err)
		}

		parentSnapshotID = &id
	}

	// Find last snapshot to set it as parent, if not already set
	if !cmd.Force && parentSnapshotID == nil {
		id, err := findLatestSnapshot(repo, target)
		if err == nil {
			parentSnapshotID = &id
		} else if err != errNoSnapshotFound {
			return err
		}
	}

	if parentSnapshotID != nil {
		cmd.global.Verbosef("using parent snapshot %v\n", parentSnapshotID.Str())
	}

	cmd.global.Verbosef("scan %v\n", target)

	selectFilter := func(item string, fi os.FileInfo) bool {
		matched, err := filter.List(cmd.Excludes, item)
		if err != nil {
			cmd.global.Warnf("error for exclude pattern: %v", err)
		}

		if matched {
			debug.Log("backup.Execute", "path %q excluded by a filter", item)
		}

		return !matched
	}

	stat, err := restic.Scan(target, selectFilter, cmd.newScanProgress())
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	arch := restic.NewArchiver(repo)
	arch.Excludes = cmd.Excludes
	arch.SelectFilter = selectFilter

	arch.Error = func(dir string, fi os.FileInfo, err error) error {
		// TODO: make ignoring errors configurable
		cmd.global.Warnf("\x1b[2K\rerror for %s: %v\n", dir, err)
		return nil
	}

	_, id, err := arch.Snapshot(cmd.newArchiveProgress(stat), target, parentSnapshotID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmd.global.Verbosef("snapshot %s saved\n", id.Str())

	return nil
}
Exemple #11
0
func runFind(opts FindOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) != 1 {
		return errors.Fatalf("wrong number of arguments")
	}

	var (
		err error
		pat findPattern
	)

	if opts.Oldest != "" {
		pat.oldest, err = parseTime(opts.Oldest)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	if opts.Newest != "" {
		pat.newest, err = parseTime(opts.Newest)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if !gopts.NoLock {
		lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
		defer unlockRepo(lock)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	pat.pattern = args[0]

	if opts.Snapshot != "" {
		snapshotID, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, opts.Snapshot)
		if err != nil {
			return errors.Fatalf("invalid id %q: %v", args[1], err)
		}

		return findInSnapshot(repo, pat, snapshotID)
	}

	done := make(chan struct{})
	defer close(done)
	for snapshotID := range repo.List(restic.SnapshotFile, done) {
		err := findInSnapshot(repo, pat, snapshotID)

		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}
Exemple #12
0
func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) < 1 || (args[0] != "masterkey" && args[0] != "config" && len(args) != 2) {
		return errors.Fatalf("type or ID not specified")
	}

	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
	defer unlockRepo(lock)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	tpe := args[0]

	var id restic.ID
	if tpe != "masterkey" && tpe != "config" {
		id, err = restic.ParseID(args[1])
		if err != nil {
			if tpe != "snapshot" {
				return errors.Fatalf("unable to parse ID: %v\n", err)
			}

			// find snapshot id with prefix
			id, err = restic.FindSnapshot(repo, args[1])
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
	}

	// handle all types that don't need an index
	switch tpe {
	case "config":
		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(repo.Config(), "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "index":
		buf, err := repo.LoadAndDecrypt(restic.IndexFile, id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
		return err

	case "snapshot":
		sn := &restic.Snapshot{}
		err = repo.LoadJSONUnpacked(restic.SnapshotFile, id, sn)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&sn, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))

		return nil
	case "key":
		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.KeyFile, Name: id.String()}
		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(repo.Backend(), h, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		key := &repository.Key{}
		err = json.Unmarshal(buf, key)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err = json.MarshalIndent(&key, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "masterkey":
		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(repo.Key(), "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		return nil
	case "lock":
		lock, err := restic.LoadLock(repo, id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&lock, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		fmt.Println(string(buf))

		return nil
	}

	// load index, handle all the other types
	err = repo.LoadIndex()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	switch tpe {
	case "pack":
		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.DataFile, Name: id.String()}
		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(repo.Backend(), h, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		hash := restic.Hash(buf)
		if !hash.Equal(id) {
			fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "Warning: hash of data does not match ID, want\n  %v\ngot:\n  %v\n", id.String(), hash.String())
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(buf)
		return err

	case "blob":
		for _, t := range []restic.BlobType{restic.DataBlob, restic.TreeBlob} {
			list, err := repo.Index().Lookup(id, t)
			if err != nil {
				continue
			}
			blob := list[0]

			buf := make([]byte, blob.Length)
			n, err := repo.LoadBlob(restic.DataBlob, id, buf)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			buf = buf[:n]

			_, err = os.Stdout.Write(buf)
			return err
		}

		return errors.Fatal("blob not found")

	case "tree":
		debug.Log("cat tree %v", id.Str())
		tree, err := repo.LoadTree(id)
		if err != nil {
			debug.Log("unable to load tree %v: %v", id.Str(), err)
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(&tree, "", "  ")
		if err != nil {
			debug.Log("error json.MarshalIndent(): %v", err)
			return err
		}

		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
		return nil

	default:
		return errors.Fatal("invalid type")
	}
}