// zeroConst returns a new "zero" constant of the specified type,
// which must not be an array or struct type: the zero values of
// aggregates are well-defined but cannot be represented by Const.
//
func zeroConst(t types.Type) *Const {
switch t := t.(type) {
case *types.Basic:
switch {
case t.Info()&types.IsBoolean != 0:
return NewConst(exact.MakeBool(false), t)
case t.Info()&types.IsNumeric != 0:
return NewConst(exact.MakeInt64(0), t)
case t.Info()&types.IsString != 0:
return NewConst(exact.MakeString(""), t)
case t.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer:
fallthrough
case t.Kind() == types.UntypedNil:
return nilConst(t)
default:
panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst for unexpected type:", t))
}
case *types.Pointer, *types.Slice, *types.Interface, *types.Chan, *types.Map, *types.Signature:
return nilConst(t)
case *types.Named:
return NewConst(zeroConst(t.Underlying()).Value, t)
case *types.Array, *types.Struct, *types.Tuple:
panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst applied to aggregate:", t))
}
panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst: unexpected ", t))
}
func (x array) hash(t types.Type) int {
h := 0
tElt := t.Underlying().(*types.Array).Elem()
for _, xi := range x {
h += hash(tElt, xi)
}
return h
}
func (x array) eq(t types.Type, _y interface{}) bool {
y := _y.(array)
tElt := t.Underlying().(*types.Array).Elem()
for i, xi := range x {
if !equals(tElt, xi, y[i]) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
func (x structure) hash(t types.Type) int {
tStruct := t.Underlying().(*types.Struct)
h := 0
for i, n := 0, tStruct.NumFields(); i < n; i++ {
if f := tStruct.Field(i); !f.Anonymous() {
h += hash(f.Type(), x[i])
}
}
return h
}
// usesBuiltinMap returns true if the built-in hash function and
// equivalence relation for type t are consistent with those of the
// interpreter's representation of type t. Such types are: all basic
// types (bool, numbers, string), pointers and channels.
//
// usesBuiltinMap returns false for types that require a custom map
// implementation: interfaces, arrays and structs.
//
// Panic ensues if t is an invalid map key type: function, map or slice.
func usesBuiltinMap(t types.Type) bool {
switch t := t.(type) {
case *types.Basic, *types.Chan, *types.Pointer:
return true
case *types.Named:
return usesBuiltinMap(t.Underlying())
case *types.Interface, *types.Array, *types.Struct:
return false
}
panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid map key type: %T", t))
}
// CanHaveDynamicTypes reports whether the type T can "hold" dynamic types,
// i.e. is an interface (incl. reflect.Type) or a reflect.Value.
//
func CanHaveDynamicTypes(T types.Type) bool {
switch T := T.(type) {
case *types.Named:
if obj := T.Obj(); obj.Name() == "Value" && obj.Pkg().Path() == "reflect" {
return true // reflect.Value
}
return CanHaveDynamicTypes(T.Underlying())
case *types.Interface:
return true
}
return false
}
func (x structure) eq(t types.Type, _y interface{}) bool {
y := _y.(structure)
tStruct := t.Underlying().(*types.Struct)
for i, n := 0, tStruct.NumFields(); i < n; i++ {
if f := tStruct.Field(i); !f.Anonymous() {
if !equals(f.Type(), x[i], y[i]) {
return false
}
}
}
return true
}
// CanPoint reports whether the type T is pointerlike,
// for the purposes of this analysis.
func CanPoint(T types.Type) bool {
switch T := T.(type) {
case *types.Named:
if obj := T.Obj(); obj.Name() == "Value" && obj.Pkg().Path() == "reflect" {
return true // treat reflect.Value like interface{}
}
return CanPoint(T.Underlying())
case *types.Pointer, *types.Interface, *types.Map, *types.Chan, *types.Signature, *types.Slice:
return true
}
return false // array struct tuple builtin basic
}
// eqnil returns the comparison x == y using the equivalence relation
// appropriate for type t.
// If t is a reference type, at most one of x or y may be a nil value
// of that type.
//
func eqnil(t types.Type, x, y value) bool {
switch t.Underlying().(type) {
case *types.Map, *types.Signature, *types.Slice:
// Since these types don't support comparison,
// one of the operands must be a literal nil.
switch x := x.(type) {
case *hashmap:
return (x != nil) == (y.(*hashmap) != nil)
case map[value]value:
return (x != nil) == (y.(map[value]value) != nil)
case *ssa.Function:
switch y := y.(type) {
case *ssa.Function:
return (x != nil) == (y != nil)
case *closure:
return true
}
case *closure:
return (x != nil) == (y.(*ssa.Function) != nil)
case []value:
return (x != nil) == (y.([]value) != nil)
}
panic(fmt.Sprintf("eqnil(%s): illegal dynamic type: %T", t, x))
}
return equals(t, x, y)
}
// zeroValue emits to f code to produce a zero value of type t,
// and returns it.
//
func zeroValue(f *Function, t types.Type) Value {
switch t.Underlying().(type) {
case *types.Struct, *types.Array:
return emitLoad(f, f.addLocal(t, token.NoPos))
default:
return zeroConst(t)
}
}
// IntuitiveMethodSet returns the intuitive method set of a type, T.
//
// The result contains MethodSet(T) and additionally, if T is a
// concrete type, methods belonging to *T if there is no identically
// named method on T itself. This corresponds to user intuition about
// method sets; this function is intended only for user interfaces.
//
// The order of the result is as for types.MethodSet(T).
//
func IntuitiveMethodSet(T types.Type, msets *types.MethodSetCache) []*types.Selection {
var result []*types.Selection
mset := msets.MethodSet(T)
if _, ok := T.Underlying().(*types.Interface); ok {
for i, n := 0, mset.Len(); i < n; i++ {
result = append(result, mset.At(i))
}
} else {
pmset := msets.MethodSet(types.NewPointer(T))
for i, n := 0, pmset.Len(); i < n; i++ {
meth := pmset.At(i)
if m := mset.Lookup(meth.Obj().Pkg(), meth.Obj().Name()); m != nil {
meth = m
}
result = append(result, meth)
}
}
return result
}
// offsetOf returns the (abstract) offset of field index within struct
// or tuple typ.
func (a *analysis) offsetOf(typ types.Type, index int) uint32 {
var offset uint32
switch t := typ.Underlying().(type) {
case *types.Tuple:
for i := 0; i < index; i++ {
offset += a.sizeof(t.At(i).Type())
}
case *types.Struct:
offset++ // the node for the struct itself
for i := 0; i < index; i++ {
offset += a.sizeof(t.Field(i).Type())
}
default:
panic(fmt.Sprintf("offsetOf(%s : %T)", typ, typ))
}
return offset
}
// deref returns a pointer's element type; otherwise it returns typ.
func deref(typ types.Type) types.Type {
if p, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Pointer); ok {
return p.Elem()
}
return typ
}
// mustDeref returns the element type of its argument, which must be a
// pointer; panic ensues otherwise.
func mustDeref(typ types.Type) types.Type {
return typ.Underlying().(*types.Pointer).Elem()
}
// isPointer returns true for types whose underlying type is a pointer.
func isPointer(typ types.Type) bool {
_, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Pointer)
return ok
}
// sliceToArray returns the type representing the arrays to which
// slice type slice points.
func sliceToArray(slice types.Type) *types.Array {
return types.NewArray(slice.Underlying().(*types.Slice).Elem(), 1)
}
// flatten returns a list of directly contained fields in the preorder
// traversal of the type tree of t. The resulting elements are all
// scalars (basic types or pointerlike types), except for struct/array
// "identity" nodes, whose type is that of the aggregate.
//
// reflect.Value is considered pointerlike, similar to interface{}.
//
// Callers must not mutate the result.
//
func (a *analysis) flatten(t types.Type) []*fieldInfo {
fl, ok := a.flattenMemo[t]
if !ok {
switch t := t.(type) {
case *types.Named:
u := t.Underlying()
if isInterface(u) {
// Debuggability hack: don't remove
// the named type from interfaces as
// they're very verbose.
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: t})
} else {
fl = a.flatten(u)
}
case *types.Basic,
*types.Signature,
*types.Chan,
*types.Map,
*types.Interface,
*types.Slice,
*types.Pointer:
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: t})
case *types.Array:
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: t}) // identity node
for _, fi := range a.flatten(t.Elem()) {
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: fi.typ, op: true, tail: fi})
}
case *types.Struct:
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: t}) // identity node
for i, n := 0, t.NumFields(); i < n; i++ {
f := t.Field(i)
for _, fi := range a.flatten(f.Type()) {
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: fi.typ, op: f, tail: fi})
}
}
case *types.Tuple:
// No identity node: tuples are never address-taken.
n := t.Len()
if n == 1 {
// Don't add a fieldInfo link for singletons,
// e.g. in params/results.
fl = append(fl, a.flatten(t.At(0).Type())...)
} else {
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
f := t.At(i)
for _, fi := range a.flatten(f.Type()) {
fl = append(fl, &fieldInfo{typ: fi.typ, op: i, tail: fi})
}
}
}
default:
panic(t)
}
a.flattenMemo[t] = fl
}
return fl
}
// emitConv emits to f code to convert Value val to exactly type typ,
// and returns the converted value. Implicit conversions are required
// by language assignability rules in assignments, parameter passing,
// etc. Conversions cannot fail dynamically.
//
func emitConv(f *Function, val Value, typ types.Type) Value {
t_src := val.Type()
// Identical types? Conversion is a no-op.
if types.Identical(t_src, typ) {
return val
}
ut_dst := typ.Underlying()
ut_src := t_src.Underlying()
// Just a change of type, but not value or representation?
if isValuePreserving(ut_src, ut_dst) {
c := &ChangeType{X: val}
c.setType(typ)
return f.emit(c)
}
// Conversion to, or construction of a value of, an interface type?
if _, ok := ut_dst.(*types.Interface); ok {
// Assignment from one interface type to another?
if _, ok := ut_src.(*types.Interface); ok {
c := &ChangeInterface{X: val}
c.setType(typ)
return f.emit(c)
}
// Untyped nil constant? Return interface-typed nil constant.
if ut_src == tUntypedNil {
return nilConst(typ)
}
// Convert (non-nil) "untyped" literals to their default type.
if t, ok := ut_src.(*types.Basic); ok && t.Info()&types.IsUntyped != 0 {
val = emitConv(f, val, DefaultType(ut_src))
}
f.Pkg.Prog.needMethodsOf(val.Type())
mi := &MakeInterface{X: val}
mi.setType(typ)
return f.emit(mi)
}
// Conversion of a compile-time constant value?
if c, ok := val.(*Const); ok {
if _, ok := ut_dst.(*types.Basic); ok || c.IsNil() {
// Conversion of a compile-time constant to
// another constant type results in a new
// constant of the destination type and
// (initially) the same abstract value.
// We don't truncate the value yet.
return NewConst(c.Value, typ)
}
// We're converting from constant to non-constant type,
// e.g. string -> []byte/[]rune.
}
// A representation-changing conversion?
// At least one of {ut_src,ut_dst} must be *Basic.
// (The other may be []byte or []rune.)
_, ok1 := ut_src.(*types.Basic)
_, ok2 := ut_dst.(*types.Basic)
if ok1 || ok2 {
c := &Convert{X: val}
c.setType(typ)
return f.emit(c)
}
panic(fmt.Sprintf("in %s: cannot convert %s (%s) to %s", f, val, val.Type(), typ))
}
func reflectKind(t types.Type) reflect.Kind {
switch t := t.(type) {
case *types.Named:
return reflectKind(t.Underlying())
case *types.Basic:
switch t.Kind() {
case types.Bool:
return reflect.Bool
case types.Int:
return reflect.Int
case types.Int8:
return reflect.Int8
case types.Int16:
return reflect.Int16
case types.Int32:
return reflect.Int32
case types.Int64:
return reflect.Int64
case types.Uint:
return reflect.Uint
case types.Uint8:
return reflect.Uint8
case types.Uint16:
return reflect.Uint16
case types.Uint32:
return reflect.Uint32
case types.Uint64:
return reflect.Uint64
case types.Uintptr:
return reflect.Uintptr
case types.Float32:
return reflect.Float32
case types.Float64:
return reflect.Float64
case types.Complex64:
return reflect.Complex64
case types.Complex128:
return reflect.Complex128
case types.String:
return reflect.String
case types.UnsafePointer:
return reflect.UnsafePointer
}
case *types.Array:
return reflect.Array
case *types.Chan:
return reflect.Chan
case *types.Signature:
return reflect.Func
case *types.Interface:
return reflect.Interface
case *types.Map:
return reflect.Map
case *types.Pointer:
return reflect.Ptr
case *types.Slice:
return reflect.Slice
case *types.Struct:
return reflect.Struct
}
panic(fmt.Sprint("unexpected type: ", t))
}
// addRuntimeType is called for each concrete type that can be the
// dynamic type of some interface or reflect.Value.
// Adapted from needMethods in go/ssa/builder.go
//
func (r *rta) addRuntimeType(T types.Type, skip bool) {
if prev, ok := r.result.RuntimeTypes.At(T).(bool); ok {
if skip && !prev {
r.result.RuntimeTypes.Set(T, skip)
}
return
}
r.result.RuntimeTypes.Set(T, skip)
mset := r.prog.MethodSets.MethodSet(T)
if _, ok := T.Underlying().(*types.Interface); !ok {
// T is a new concrete type.
for i, n := 0, mset.Len(); i < n; i++ {
sel := mset.At(i)
m := sel.Obj()
if m.Exported() {
// Exported methods are always potentially callable via reflection.
r.addReachable(r.prog.Method(sel), true)
}
}
// Add callgraph edge for each existing dynamic
// "invoke"-mode call via that interface.
for _, I := range r.interfaces(T) {
sites, _ := r.invokeSites.At(I).([]ssa.CallInstruction)
for _, site := range sites {
r.addInvokeEdge(site, T)
}
}
}
// Precondition: T is not a method signature (*Signature with Recv()!=nil).
// Recursive case: skip => don't call makeMethods(T).
// Each package maintains its own set of types it has visited.
var n *types.Named
switch T := T.(type) {
case *types.Named:
n = T
case *types.Pointer:
n, _ = T.Elem().(*types.Named)
}
if n != nil {
owner := n.Obj().Pkg()
if owner == nil {
return // built-in error type
}
}
// Recursion over signatures of each exported method.
for i := 0; i < mset.Len(); i++ {
if mset.At(i).Obj().Exported() {
sig := mset.At(i).Type().(*types.Signature)
r.addRuntimeType(sig.Params(), true) // skip the Tuple itself
r.addRuntimeType(sig.Results(), true) // skip the Tuple itself
}
}
switch t := T.(type) {
case *types.Basic:
// nop
case *types.Interface:
// nop---handled by recursion over method set.
case *types.Pointer:
r.addRuntimeType(t.Elem(), false)
case *types.Slice:
r.addRuntimeType(t.Elem(), false)
case *types.Chan:
r.addRuntimeType(t.Elem(), false)
case *types.Map:
r.addRuntimeType(t.Key(), false)
r.addRuntimeType(t.Elem(), false)
case *types.Signature:
if t.Recv() != nil {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("Signature %s has Recv %s", t, t.Recv()))
}
r.addRuntimeType(t.Params(), true) // skip the Tuple itself
r.addRuntimeType(t.Results(), true) // skip the Tuple itself
case *types.Named:
// A pointer-to-named type can be derived from a named
// type via reflection. It may have methods too.
r.addRuntimeType(types.NewPointer(T), false)
// Consider 'type T struct{S}' where S has methods.
// Reflection provides no way to get from T to struct{S},
// only to S, so the method set of struct{S} is unwanted,
// so set 'skip' flag during recursion.
r.addRuntimeType(t.Underlying(), true)
case *types.Array:
r.addRuntimeType(t.Elem(), false)
case *types.Struct:
for i, n := 0, t.NumFields(); i < n; i++ {
r.addRuntimeType(t.Field(i).Type(), false)
}
case *types.Tuple:
for i, n := 0, t.Len(); i < n; i++ {
r.addRuntimeType(t.At(i).Type(), false)
}
default:
panic(T)
}
}
// typeKind returns a string describing the underlying kind of type,
// e.g. "slice", "array", "struct".
func typeKind(T types.Type) string {
s := reflect.TypeOf(T.Underlying()).String()
return strings.ToLower(strings.TrimPrefix(s, "*types."))
}
// zero returns a new "zero" value of the specified type.
func zero(t types.Type) value {
switch t := t.(type) {
case *types.Basic:
if t.Kind() == types.UntypedNil {
panic("untyped nil has no zero value")
}
if t.Info()&types.IsUntyped != 0 {
// TODO(adonovan): make it an invariant that
// this is unreachable. Currently some
// constants have 'untyped' types when they
// should be defaulted by the typechecker.
t = ssa.DefaultType(t).(*types.Basic)
}
switch t.Kind() {
case types.Bool:
return false
case types.Int:
return int(0)
case types.Int8:
return int8(0)
case types.Int16:
return int16(0)
case types.Int32:
return int32(0)
case types.Int64:
return int64(0)
case types.Uint:
return uint(0)
case types.Uint8:
return uint8(0)
case types.Uint16:
return uint16(0)
case types.Uint32:
return uint32(0)
case types.Uint64:
return uint64(0)
case types.Uintptr:
return uintptr(0)
case types.Float32:
return float32(0)
case types.Float64:
return float64(0)
case types.Complex64:
return complex64(0)
case types.Complex128:
return complex128(0)
case types.String:
return ""
case types.UnsafePointer:
return unsafe.Pointer(nil)
default:
panic(fmt.Sprint("zero for unexpected type:", t))
}
case *types.Pointer:
return (*value)(nil)
case *types.Array:
a := make(array, t.Len())
for i := range a {
a[i] = zero(t.Elem())
}
return a
case *types.Named:
return zero(t.Underlying())
case *types.Interface:
return iface{} // nil type, methodset and value
case *types.Slice:
return []value(nil)
case *types.Struct:
s := make(structure, t.NumFields())
for i := range s {
s[i] = zero(t.Field(i).Type())
}
return s
case *types.Tuple:
if t.Len() == 1 {
return zero(t.At(0).Type())
}
s := make(tuple, t.Len())
for i := range s {
s[i] = zero(t.At(i).Type())
}
return s
case *types.Chan:
return chan value(nil)
case *types.Map:
if usesBuiltinMap(t.Key()) {
return map[value]value(nil)
}
return (*hashmap)(nil)
case *types.Signature:
return (*ssa.Function)(nil)
}
panic(fmt.Sprint("zero: unexpected ", t))
}
// conv converts the value x of type t_src to type t_dst and returns
// the result.
// Possible cases are described with the ssa.Convert operator.
//
func conv(t_dst, t_src types.Type, x value) value {
ut_src := t_src.Underlying()
ut_dst := t_dst.Underlying()
// Destination type is not an "untyped" type.
if b, ok := ut_dst.(*types.Basic); ok && b.Info()&types.IsUntyped != 0 {
panic("oops: conversion to 'untyped' type: " + b.String())
}
// Nor is it an interface type.
if _, ok := ut_dst.(*types.Interface); ok {
if _, ok := ut_src.(*types.Interface); ok {
panic("oops: Convert should be ChangeInterface")
} else {
panic("oops: Convert should be MakeInterface")
}
}
// Remaining conversions:
// + untyped string/number/bool constant to a specific
// representation.
// + conversions between non-complex numeric types.
// + conversions between complex numeric types.
// + integer/[]byte/[]rune -> string.
// + string -> []byte/[]rune.
//
// All are treated the same: first we extract the value to the
// widest representation (int64, uint64, float64, complex128,
// or string), then we convert it to the desired type.
switch ut_src := ut_src.(type) {
case *types.Pointer:
switch ut_dst := ut_dst.(type) {
case *types.Basic:
// *value to unsafe.Pointer?
if ut_dst.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer {
return unsafe.Pointer(x.(*value))
}
}
case *types.Slice:
// []byte or []rune -> string
// TODO(adonovan): fix: type B byte; conv([]B -> string).
switch ut_src.Elem().(*types.Basic).Kind() {
case types.Byte:
x := x.([]value)
b := make([]byte, 0, len(x))
for i := range x {
b = append(b, x[i].(byte))
}
return string(b)
case types.Rune:
x := x.([]value)
r := make([]rune, 0, len(x))
for i := range x {
r = append(r, x[i].(rune))
}
return string(r)
}
case *types.Basic:
x = widen(x)
// integer -> string?
// TODO(adonovan): fix: test integer -> named alias of string.
if ut_src.Info()&types.IsInteger != 0 {
if ut_dst, ok := ut_dst.(*types.Basic); ok && ut_dst.Kind() == types.String {
return string(asInt(x))
}
}
// string -> []rune, []byte or string?
if s, ok := x.(string); ok {
switch ut_dst := ut_dst.(type) {
case *types.Slice:
var res []value
// TODO(adonovan): fix: test named alias of rune, byte.
switch ut_dst.Elem().(*types.Basic).Kind() {
case types.Rune:
for _, r := range []rune(s) {
res = append(res, r)
}
return res
case types.Byte:
for _, b := range []byte(s) {
res = append(res, b)
}
return res
}
case *types.Basic:
if ut_dst.Kind() == types.String {
return x.(string)
}
}
break // fail: no other conversions for string
}
// unsafe.Pointer -> *value
if ut_src.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer {
// TODO(adonovan): this is wrong and cannot
// really be fixed with the current design.
//
// return (*value)(x.(unsafe.Pointer))
// creates a new pointer of a different
// type but the underlying interface value
// knows its "true" type and so cannot be
// meaningfully used through the new pointer.
//
// To make this work, the interpreter needs to
// simulate the memory layout of a real
// compiled implementation.
//
// To at least preserve type-safety, we'll
// just return the zero value of the
// destination type.
return zero(t_dst)
}
// Conversions between complex numeric types?
if ut_src.Info()&types.IsComplex != 0 {
switch ut_dst.(*types.Basic).Kind() {
case types.Complex64:
return complex64(x.(complex128))
case types.Complex128:
return x.(complex128)
}
break // fail: no other conversions for complex
}
// Conversions between non-complex numeric types?
if ut_src.Info()&types.IsNumeric != 0 {
kind := ut_dst.(*types.Basic).Kind()
switch x := x.(type) {
case int64: // signed integer -> numeric?
switch kind {
case types.Int:
return int(x)
case types.Int8:
return int8(x)
case types.Int16:
return int16(x)
case types.Int32:
return int32(x)
case types.Int64:
return int64(x)
case types.Uint:
return uint(x)
case types.Uint8:
return uint8(x)
case types.Uint16:
return uint16(x)
case types.Uint32:
return uint32(x)
case types.Uint64:
return uint64(x)
case types.Uintptr:
return uintptr(x)
case types.Float32:
return float32(x)
case types.Float64:
return float64(x)
}
case uint64: // unsigned integer -> numeric?
switch kind {
case types.Int:
return int(x)
case types.Int8:
return int8(x)
case types.Int16:
return int16(x)
case types.Int32:
return int32(x)
case types.Int64:
return int64(x)
case types.Uint:
return uint(x)
case types.Uint8:
return uint8(x)
case types.Uint16:
return uint16(x)
case types.Uint32:
return uint32(x)
case types.Uint64:
return uint64(x)
case types.Uintptr:
return uintptr(x)
case types.Float32:
return float32(x)
case types.Float64:
return float64(x)
}
case float64: // floating point -> numeric?
switch kind {
case types.Int:
return int(x)
case types.Int8:
return int8(x)
case types.Int16:
return int16(x)
case types.Int32:
return int32(x)
case types.Int64:
return int64(x)
case types.Uint:
return uint(x)
case types.Uint8:
return uint8(x)
case types.Uint16:
return uint16(x)
case types.Uint32:
return uint32(x)
case types.Uint64:
return uint64(x)
case types.Uintptr:
return uintptr(x)
case types.Float32:
return float32(x)
case types.Float64:
return float64(x)
}
}
}
}
panic(fmt.Sprintf("unsupported conversion: %s -> %s, dynamic type %T", t_src, t_dst, x))
}