func BloomFilter(img [][]geometry.Vec3, depth int) [][]geometry.Vec3 {
data := make([][]geometry.Vec3, len(img))
for i, _ := range data {
data[i] = make([]geometry.Vec3, len(img[0]))
}
const box_width = 2
factor := geometry.Float(1.0 / math.Pow(2*box_width+1, 2))
source := img
for iteration := 0; iteration < depth; iteration++ {
for y := box_width; y < len(img)-box_width; y++ {
for x := box_width; x < len(img[0])-box_width; x++ {
var colour geometry.Vec3
for dy := -box_width; dy <= box_width; dy++ {
for dx := -box_width; dx <= box_width; dx++ {
colour.AddInPlace(source[y+dy][x+dx])
}
}
data[y][x] = colour.Mult(factor)
}
}
fmt.Printf("\rPost Processing %3.0f%% \r", 100*float64(iteration)/float64(depth))
source, data = data, source
}
return source
}
func MonteCarloPixel(results chan Result, scene *geometry.Scene, diffuseMap /*, causticsMap*/ *kd.KDNode, start, rows int, rand *rand.Rand) {
samples := Config.NumRays
var px, py, dy, dx geometry.Float
var direction, contribution geometry.Vec3
for y := start; y < start+rows; y++ {
py = scene.Height - scene.Height*2*geometry.Float(y)/geometry.Float(scene.Rows)
for x := 0; x < scene.Cols; x++ {
px = -scene.Width + scene.Width*2*geometry.Float(x)/geometry.Float(scene.Cols)
var colourSamples geometry.Vec3
if x >= Config.Skip.Left && x < scene.Cols-Config.Skip.Right &&
y >= Config.Skip.Top && y < scene.Rows-Config.Skip.Bottom {
for sample := 0; sample < samples; sample++ {
dy, dx = geometry.Float(rand.Float32())*scene.PixH, geometry.Float(rand.Float32())*scene.PixW
direction = geometry.Vec3{
px + dx - scene.Camera.Origin.X,
py + dy - scene.Camera.Origin.Y,
-scene.Camera.Origin.Z,
}.Normalize()
contribution = Radiance(geometry.Ray{scene.Camera.Origin, direction}, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, 0, 1.0, rand)
colourSamples.AddInPlace(contribution)
}
}
results <- Result{x, y, colourSamples.Mult(1.0 / geometry.Float(samples))}
}
}
}
func ClosestIntersection(shapes []*geometry.Shape, ray geometry.Ray) (*geometry.Shape, geometry.Float) {
var closest *geometry.Shape
bestHit := geometry.Float(math.Inf(+1))
for _, shape := range shapes {
if hit := shape.Intersects(&ray); hit > 0 && hit < bestHit {
bestHit = hit
closest = shape
}
}
return closest, bestHit
}
func DiffusePhoton(scene []*geometry.Shape, emitter *geometry.Shape, ray geometry.Ray, colour geometry.Vec3, result chan<- PhotonHit, alpha geometry.Float, depth int, rand *rand.Rand) {
if geometry.Float(rand.Float32()) > alpha {
return
}
if shape, distance := ClosestIntersection(scene, ray); shape != nil {
impact := ray.Origin.Add(ray.Direction.Mult(distance))
if depth == 0 && emitter == shape {
// Leave the emitter first
nextRay := geometry.Ray{impact, ray.Direction}
DiffusePhoton(scene, emitter, nextRay, colour, result, alpha, depth, rand)
} else {
normal := shape.NormalDir(impact).Normalize()
reverse := ray.Direction.Mult(-1)
outgoing := normal
if normal.Dot(reverse) < 0 {
outgoing = normal.Mult(-1)
}
strength := colour.Mult(alpha / (1 + distance))
result <- PhotonHit{impact, strength, ray.Direction, uint8(depth)}
if shape.Material == geometry.DIFFUSE {
// Random bounce for color bleeding
u := normal.Cross(reverse).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.5))
v := u.Cross(normal).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.5))
bounce := geometry.Vec3{
u.X + outgoing.X + v.X,
u.Y + outgoing.Y + v.Y,
u.Z + outgoing.Z + v.Z,
}
bounceRay := geometry.Ray{impact, bounce.Normalize()}
bleedColour := colour.MultVec(shape.Colour).Mult(alpha / (1 + distance))
DiffusePhoton(scene, shape, bounceRay, bleedColour, result, alpha*0.66, depth+1, rand)
}
// Store Shadow Photons
shadowRay := geometry.Ray{impact, ray.Direction}
DiffusePhoton(scene, shape, shadowRay, geometry.Vec3{0, 0, 0}, result, alpha*0.66, depth+1, rand)
}
}
}
func EmitterSampling(point, normal geometry.Vec3, shapes []*geometry.Shape, rand *rand.Rand) geometry.Vec3 {
incomingLight := geometry.Vec3{0, 0, 0}
for _, shape := range shapes {
if !shape.Emission.IsZero() {
// It's a light source
direction := shape.NormalDir(point).Mult(-1)
u := direction.Cross(normal).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.3))
v := direction.Cross(u).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.3))
direction.X += u.X + v.X
direction.Y += u.Y + v.Y
direction.Z += u.Z + v.Z
ray := geometry.Ray{point, direction.Normalize()}
if object, distance := ClosestIntersection(shapes, ray); object == shape {
incomingLight.AddInPlace(object.Emission.Mult(direction.Dot(normal) / (1 + distance)))
}
}
}
return incomingLight
}
func PhotonChunk(scene []*geometry.Shape, traceFunc RayFunc, shape *geometry.Shape, factor, start, chunksize int, result chan<- PhotonHit, done chan<- bool, rand *rand.Rand) {
for i := 0; i < chunksize; i++ {
longitude := (start*chunksize + i) / factor
latitude := (start*chunksize + i) % factor
//fmt.Println("Lo La:", longitude, latitude)
sign := -2.0*float64(longitude%2.0) + 1.0
phi := 2.0 * math.Pi * float64(longitude) / float64(factor)
theta := math.Pi * float64(latitude) / float64(factor)
//fmt.Println("S, T, P:", sign, theta, phi)
x, y, z := math.Sin(theta)*math.Cos(phi),
sign*math.Cos(theta),
math.Sin(theta)*math.Sin(phi)
direction := geometry.Vec3{geometry.Float(x), geometry.Float(y), geometry.Float(z)}
ray := geometry.Ray{shape.Position, direction.Normalize()}
traceFunc(scene, shape, ray, shape.Emission, result, 1.0, 0, rand)
}
done <- true
}
func CorrectColour(x geometry.Float) geometry.Float {
return geometry.Float(math.Pow(float64(x), 1.0/Config.GammaFactor)*255 + 0.5)
}
func Render(scene geometry.Scene) image.Image {
img := image.NewNRGBA(image.Rect(0, 0, scene.Cols, scene.Rows))
pixels := make(chan Result, 128)
workload := scene.Rows / Config.Chunks
startTime := time.Now()
globals /*, caustics*/ := GenerateMaps(scene.Objects)
fmt.Println(" Done!")
//fmt.Printf("Diffuse Map depth: %v Caustics Map depth: %v\n", globals.Depth(), caustics.Depth())
fmt.Printf("Diffuse Map depth: %v\n", globals.Depth())
fmt.Printf("Photon Maps Done. Generation took: ")
stopTime := time.Now()
PrintDuration(stopTime.Sub(startTime))
fmt.Println()
startTime = time.Now()
for y := 0; y < scene.Rows; y += workload {
go MonteCarloPixel(pixels, &scene, globals /*caustics,*/, y, workload, rand.New(rand.NewSource(rand.Int63())))
}
// Write targets for after effects
data := make([][]geometry.Vec3, scene.Rows)
peaks := make([][]geometry.Vec3, scene.Rows)
for i, _ := range data {
data[i] = make([]geometry.Vec3, scene.Cols)
peaks[i] = make([]geometry.Vec3, scene.Cols)
}
// Collect results
var so_far time.Duration
var highest, lowest geometry.Vec3
highValue, lowValue := geometry.Float(0), geometry.Float(math.Inf(+1))
numPixels := scene.Rows * scene.Cols
for i := 0; i < numPixels; i++ {
// Print progress information every 500 pixels
if i%500 == 0 {
fmt.Printf("\rRendering %6.2f%%", 100*float64(i)/float64(scene.Rows*scene.Cols))
so_far = time.Now().Sub(startTime)
remaining := time.Duration((so_far.Seconds()/float64(i))*float64(numPixels-i)) * time.Second
fmt.Printf(" (Time Remaining: ")
PrintDuration(remaining)
fmt.Printf(" at %0.1f pps) \r", float64(i)/so_far.Seconds())
}
pixel := <-pixels
if low := pixel.colour.Abs(); low < lowValue {
lowValue = low
lowest = pixel.colour
}
if high := pixel.colour.Abs(); high > highValue {
highValue = high
highest = pixel.colour
}
data[pixel.y][pixel.x] = pixel.colour.CLAMPF()
peaks[pixel.y][pixel.x] = pixel.colour.PEAKS(0.8)
}
fmt.Println("\rRendering 100.00%")
bloomed := BloomFilter(peaks, Config.BloomFactor)
for y := 0; y < len(data); y++ {
for x := 0; x < len(data[0]); x++ {
colour := data[y][x].Add(bloomed[y][x])
colour = CorrectColours(colour).CLAMP()
img.SetNRGBA(x, y, color.NRGBA{uint8(colour.X), uint8(colour.Y), uint8(colour.Z), 255})
}
}
stopTime = time.Now()
clearLine()
fmt.Println("\rDone!")
fmt.Printf("Brightest pixel: %v intensity: %v\n", highest, highValue)
fmt.Printf("Dimmest pixel: %v intensity: %v\n", lowest, lowValue)
// Print duration
fmt.Printf("Rendering took ")
PrintDuration(stopTime.Sub(startTime))
fmt.Println()
return img
}
func main() {
flag.Parse()
rand.Seed(*seed)
gorender.Config.NumRays = *rays
//gorender.Config.Caustics = *caustics
gorender.Config.BloomFactor = *bloom
gorender.Config.MinDepth = *mindepth
gorender.Config.GammaFactor = *gamma
gorender.Config.Skip.Top = *skipTop
gorender.Config.Skip.Left = *skipLeft
gorender.Config.Skip.Right = *skipRight
gorender.Config.Skip.Bottom = *skipBottom
wantedCPUs := *cores
if wantedCPUs < 1 {
wantedCPUs = 1
}
fmt.Printf("Running on %v/%v CPU cores\n", wantedCPUs, runtime.NumCPU())
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(wantedCPUs)
if wantedCPUs > *chunks {
log.Print("Warning: chunks setting is lower than the number of cores - not all cores will be used")
}
if *rows%*chunks != 0 {
log.Fatal("The images height needs to be evenly divisible by chunks")
}
gorender.Config.Chunks = *chunks
if *cpuprofile != "" {
cpupf, err := os.Create(*cpuprofile)
fmt.Println("Writing CPU profiling information to file:", *cpuprofile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
pprof.StartCPUProfile(cpupf)
defer pprof.StopCPUProfile()
}
if *memprofile != "" {
fmt.Println("Writing Memory profiling information to file:", *memprofile)
} else {
runtime.MemProfileRate = 0
}
file, err := os.OpenFile(*output, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0666)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("Rendering %vx%v sized image with %v rays per pixel to %v\n", *cols, *rows, *rays, *output)
// "Real world" frustrum
height := geometry.Float(2.0)
width := height * (geometry.Float(*cols) / geometry.Float(*rows)) // Aspect ratio?
angle := math.Pi * geometry.Float(*fov) / 180.0
scene := geometry.ParseScene(*input, width, height, angle, *cols, *rows)
img := gorender.Render(scene)
if err = png.Encode(file, img); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if *memprofile != "" {
mempf, err := os.Create(*memprofile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
pprof.WriteHeapProfile(mempf)
defer mempf.Close()
}
}
func Radiance(ray geometry.Ray, scene *geometry.Scene, diffuseMap /*, causticsMap*/ *kd.KDNode, depth int, alpha float64, rand *rand.Rand) geometry.Vec3 {
if depth > Config.MinDepth && rand.Float64() > alpha {
return geometry.Vec3{0, 0, 0}
}
if shape, distance := ClosestIntersection(scene.Objects, ray); shape != nil {
impact := ray.Origin.Add(ray.Direction.Mult(distance))
normal := shape.NormalDir(impact).Normalize()
reverse := ray.Direction.Mult(-1)
contribution := shape.Emission
outgoing := normal
if normal.Dot(reverse) < 0 {
outgoing = normal.Mult(-1)
}
if shape.Material == geometry.DIFFUSE {
var /*causticLight,*/ directLight geometry.Vec3
/*nodes := causticsMap.Neighbors(impact, 0.1)
for _, e := range nodes {
photon := causticPhotons[e.Position]
dist := photon.Location.Distance(impact)
light := photon.Photon.Mult(outgoing.Dot(photon.Incomming.Mult(-1 / math.Pi * (1 + dist))))
causticLight.AddInPlace(light)
}
if len(nodes) > 0 {
causticLight = causticLight.Mult(1.0 / float64(len(nodes)))
}*/
directLight = EmitterSampling(impact, normal, scene.Objects, rand)
u := normal.Cross(reverse).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.5))
v := u.Cross(normal).Normalize().Mult(geometry.Float(rand.NormFloat64() * 0.5))
bounceDirection := geometry.Vec3{
u.X + outgoing.X + v.X,
u.Y + outgoing.Y + v.Y,
u.Z + outgoing.Z + v.Z,
}
bounceRay := geometry.Ray{impact, bounceDirection.Normalize()}
indirectLight := Radiance(bounceRay, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, depth+1, alpha*0.9, rand)
dot := outgoing.Dot(reverse)
diffuseLight := geometry.Vec3{
(shape.Colour.X * (directLight.X + indirectLight.X) /*+ causticLight.X*/) * dot,
(shape.Colour.Y * (directLight.Y + indirectLight.Y) /*+ causticLight.Y*/) * dot,
(shape.Colour.Z * (directLight.Z + indirectLight.Z) /*+ causticLight.Z*/) * dot,
}
return contribution.Add(diffuseLight)
}
if shape.Material == geometry.SPECULAR {
reflectionDirection := ray.Direction.Sub(normal.Mult(2 * outgoing.Dot(ray.Direction)))
reflectedRay := geometry.Ray{impact, reflectionDirection.Normalize()}
incomingLight := Radiance(reflectedRay, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, depth+1, alpha*0.99, rand)
return incomingLight.Mult(outgoing.Dot(reverse))
}
if shape.Material == geometry.REFRACTIVE {
var n1, n2 float64
if normal.Dot(outgoing) < 0 {
// Leave the glass
n1, n2 = GLASS, AIR
} else {
n1, n2 = AIR, GLASS
}
factor := n1 / n2
cosTi := float64(normal.Dot(reverse))
sinTi := math.Sqrt(1 - cosTi*cosTi) // sin² + cos² = 1
sqrt := math.Sqrt(math.Max(1.0-math.Pow(factor*sinTi, 2), 0))
// Rs
top := n1*cosTi - n2*sqrt
bottom := n1*cosTi + n2*sqrt
Rs := math.Pow(top/bottom, 2)
// Rp
top = n1*sqrt - n2*cosTi
bottom = n1*sqrt + n2*cosTi
Rp := math.Pow(top/bottom, 2)
R := (Rs*Rs + Rp*Rp) / 2.0
// Approximate:
R = math.Pow((n1-n2)/(n1+n2), 2)
// SmallPT formula
//R = R + (1 - R) * math.Pow(1 - cosTi, 5)
T := 1.0 - R
if math.IsNaN(R) {
fmt.Printf("into: %v, sqrt: %v\n", n2 > n1, sqrt)
fmt.Printf("cos: %v, sin: %v\n", cosTi, sinTi)
fmt.Printf("n1: %v, n2: %v\n", n1, n2)
fmt.Printf("Top: %v, Bottom: %v\n", top, bottom)
fmt.Printf("Rs: %v, Rp: %v\n", Rs, Rp)
fmt.Printf("R: %v, T: %v\n", R, T)
panic("NAN!")
}
totalReflection := false
if n1 > n2 {
maxAngle := math.Asin(n2 / n1)
actualAngle := math.Asin(sinTi)
if actualAngle > maxAngle {
totalReflection = true
}
totalReflection = totalReflection
}
if totalReflection {
reflectionDirection := ray.Direction.Sub(outgoing.Mult(2 * outgoing.Dot(ray.Direction)))
reflectedRay := geometry.Ray{impact, reflectionDirection.Normalize()}
return Radiance(reflectedRay, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, depth+1, alpha*0.9, rand)
} else {
reflectionDirection := ray.Direction.Sub(outgoing.Mult(2 * outgoing.Dot(ray.Direction)))
reflectedRay := geometry.Ray{impact, reflectionDirection.Normalize()}
reflectedLight := Radiance(reflectedRay, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, depth+1, alpha*0.9, rand).Mult(geometry.Float(R))
nDotI := float64(normal.Dot(ray.Direction))
trasmittedDirection := ray.Direction.Mult(geometry.Float(factor))
term2 := factor * nDotI
term3 := math.Sqrt(1 - factor*factor*(1-nDotI*nDotI))
trasmittedDirection = trasmittedDirection.Add(normal.Mult(geometry.Float(term2 - term3)))
transmittedRay := geometry.Ray{impact, trasmittedDirection.Normalize()}
transmittedLight := Radiance(transmittedRay, scene, diffuseMap /*causticsMap,*/, depth+1, alpha*0.9, rand).Mult(geometry.Float(T))
return reflectedLight.Add(transmittedLight).Mult(outgoing.Dot(reverse))
}
}
panic("Material without property encountered!")
}
return geometry.Vec3{0, 0, 0}
}