func semrelease(addr *uint32) {
root := semroot(addr)
atomic.Xadd(addr, 1)
// Easy case: no waiters?
// This check must happen after the xadd, to avoid a missed wakeup
// (see loop in semacquire).
if atomic.Load(&root.nwait) == 0 {
return
}
// Harder case: search for a waiter and wake it.
lock(&root.lock)
if atomic.Load(&root.nwait) == 0 {
// The count is already consumed by another goroutine,
// so no need to wake up another goroutine.
unlock(&root.lock)
return
}
s := root.head
for ; s != nil; s = s.next {
if s.elem == unsafe.Pointer(addr) {
atomic.Xadd(&root.nwait, -1)
root.dequeue(s)
break
}
}
unlock(&root.lock)
if s != nil {
if s.releasetime != 0 {
s.releasetime = cputicks()
}
goready(s.g, 4)
}
}
// notifyListNotifyAll notifies all entries in the list.
//go:linkname notifyListNotifyAll sync.runtime_notifyListNotifyAll
func notifyListNotifyAll(l *notifyList) {
// Fast-path: if there are no new waiters since the last notification
// we don't need to acquire the lock.
if atomic.Load(&l.wait) == atomic.Load(&l.notify) {
return
}
// Pull the list out into a local variable, waiters will be readied
// outside the lock.
lock(&l.lock)
s := l.head
l.head = nil
l.tail = nil
// Update the next ticket to be notified. We can set it to the current
// value of wait because any previous waiters are already in the list
// or will notice that they have already been notified when trying to
// add themselves to the list.
atomic.Store(&l.notify, atomic.Load(&l.wait))
unlock(&l.lock)
// Go through the local list and ready all waiters.
for s != nil {
next := s.next
s.next = nil
readyWithTime(s, 4)
s = next
}
}
// May run with m.p==nil if called from notetsleep, so write barriers
// are not allowed.
//
//go:nosplit
//go:nowritebarrier
func notetsleep_internal(n *note, ns int64) bool {
gp := getg()
if ns < 0 {
for atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) == 0 {
gp.m.blocked = true
futexsleep(key32(&n.key), 0, -1)
gp.m.blocked = false
}
return true
}
if atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) != 0 {
return true
}
deadline := nanotime() + ns
for {
gp.m.blocked = true
futexsleep(key32(&n.key), 0, ns)
gp.m.blocked = false
if atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) != 0 {
break
}
now := nanotime()
if now >= deadline {
break
}
ns = deadline - now
}
return atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) != 0
}
func RunSchedLocalQueueEmptyTest(iters int) {
// Test that runq is not spuriously reported as empty.
// Runq emptiness affects scheduling decisions and spurious emptiness
// can lead to underutilization (both runnable Gs and idle Ps coexist
// for arbitrary long time).
done := make(chan bool, 1)
p := new(p)
gs := make([]g, 2)
ready := new(uint32)
for i := 0; i < iters; i++ {
*ready = 0
next0 := (i & 1) == 0
next1 := (i & 2) == 0
runqput(p, &gs[0], next0)
go func() {
for atomic.Xadd(ready, 1); atomic.Load(ready) != 2; {
}
if runqempty(p) {
println("next:", next0, next1)
throw("queue is empty")
}
done <- true
}()
for atomic.Xadd(ready, 1); atomic.Load(ready) != 2; {
}
runqput(p, &gs[1], next1)
runqget(p)
<-done
runqget(p)
}
}
// Called to receive the next queued signal.
// Must only be called from a single goroutine at a time.
//go:linkname signal_recv os/signal.signal_recv
func signal_recv() uint32 {
for {
// Serve any signals from local copy.
for i := uint32(0); i < _NSIG; i++ {
if sig.recv[i/32]&(1<<(i&31)) != 0 {
sig.recv[i/32] &^= 1 << (i & 31)
return i
}
}
// Wait for updates to be available from signal sender.
Receive:
for {
switch atomic.Load(&sig.state) {
default:
throw("signal_recv: inconsistent state")
case sigIdle:
if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigIdle, sigReceiving) {
notetsleepg(&sig.note, -1)
noteclear(&sig.note)
break Receive
}
case sigSending:
if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigSending, sigIdle) {
break Receive
}
}
}
// Incorporate updates from sender into local copy.
for i := range sig.mask {
sig.recv[i] = atomic.Xchg(&sig.mask[i], 0)
}
}
}
// block returns the spans in the i'th block of buffer b. block is
// safe to call concurrently with push.
func (b *gcSweepBuf) block(i int) []*mspan {
// Perform bounds check before loading spine address since
// push ensures the allocated length is at least spineLen.
if i < 0 || uintptr(i) >= atomic.Loaduintptr(&b.spineLen) {
throw("block index out of range")
}
// Get block i.
spine := atomic.Loadp(unsafe.Pointer(&b.spine))
blockp := add(spine, sys.PtrSize*uintptr(i))
block := (*gcSweepBlock)(atomic.Loadp(blockp))
// Slice the block if necessary.
cursor := uintptr(atomic.Load(&b.index))
top, bottom := cursor/gcSweepBlockEntries, cursor%gcSweepBlockEntries
var spans []*mspan
if uintptr(i) < top {
spans = block.spans[:]
} else {
spans = block.spans[:bottom]
}
// push may have reserved a slot but not filled it yet, so
// trim away unused entries.
for len(spans) > 0 && spans[len(spans)-1] == nil {
spans = spans[:len(spans)-1]
}
return spans
}
//go:nosplit
func semasleep(ns int64) int32 {
_g_ := getg()
// Compute sleep deadline.
var tsp *timespec
if ns >= 0 {
var ts timespec
var nsec int32
ns += nanotime()
ts.set_sec(timediv(ns, 1000000000, &nsec))
ts.set_nsec(nsec)
tsp = &ts
}
for {
v := atomic.Load(&_g_.m.waitsemacount)
if v > 0 {
if atomic.Cas(&_g_.m.waitsemacount, v, v-1) {
return 0 // semaphore acquired
}
continue
}
// Sleep until unparked by semawakeup or timeout.
ret := lwp_park(tsp, 0, unsafe.Pointer(&_g_.m.waitsemacount), nil)
if ret == _ETIMEDOUT {
return -1
}
}
}
// Called to initialize a new m (including the bootstrap m).
// Called on the new thread, cannot allocate memory.
func minit() {
if atomic.Load(&exiting) != 0 {
exits(&emptystatus[0])
}
// Mask all SSE floating-point exceptions
// when running on the 64-bit kernel.
setfpmasks()
}
func semrelease(addr *uint32) {
root := semroot(addr)
atomic.Xadd(addr, 1)
// Easy case: no waiters?
// This check must happen after the xadd, to avoid a missed wakeup
// (see loop in semacquire).
if atomic.Load(&root.nwait) == 0 {
return
}
// Harder case: search for a waiter and wake it.
lock(&root.lock)
if atomic.Load(&root.nwait) == 0 {
// The count is already consumed by another goroutine,
// so no need to wake up another goroutine.
unlock(&root.lock)
return
}
s := root.head
for ; s != nil; s = s.next {
if s.elem == unsafe.Pointer(addr) {
atomic.Xadd(&root.nwait, -1)
root.dequeue(s)
break
}
}
if s != nil {
if s.acquiretime != 0 {
t0 := cputicks()
for x := root.head; x != nil; x = x.next {
if x.elem == unsafe.Pointer(addr) {
x.acquiretime = t0
}
}
mutexevent(t0-s.acquiretime, 3)
}
}
unlock(&root.lock)
if s != nil { // May be slow, so unlock first
readyWithTime(s, 5)
}
}
func cansemacquire(addr *uint32) bool {
for {
v := atomic.Load(addr)
if v == 0 {
return false
}
if atomic.Cas(addr, v, v-1) {
return true
}
}
}
func notesleep(n *note) {
gp := getg()
if gp != gp.m.g0 {
throw("notesleep not on g0")
}
for atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) == 0 {
gp.m.blocked = true
futexsleep(key32(&n.key), 0, -1)
gp.m.blocked = false
}
}
// gotraceback returns the current traceback settings.
//
// If level is 0, suppress all tracebacks.
// If level is 1, show tracebacks, but exclude runtime frames.
// If level is 2, show tracebacks including runtime frames.
// If all is set, print all goroutine stacks. Otherwise, print just the current goroutine.
// If crash is set, crash (core dump, etc) after tracebacking.
//
//go:nosplit
func gotraceback() (level int32, all, crash bool) {
_g_ := getg()
all = _g_.m.throwing > 0
if _g_.m.traceback != 0 {
level = int32(_g_.m.traceback)
return
}
t := atomic.Load(&traceback_cache)
crash = t&tracebackCrash != 0
all = all || t&tracebackAll != 0
level = int32(t >> tracebackShift)
return
}
// notifyListNotifyOne notifies one entry in the list.
//go:linkname notifyListNotifyOne sync.runtime_notifyListNotifyOne
func notifyListNotifyOne(l *notifyList) {
// Fast-path: if there are no new waiters since the last notification
// we don't need to acquire the lock at all.
if atomic.Load(&l.wait) == atomic.Load(&l.notify) {
return
}
lock(&l.lock)
// Re-check under the lock if we need to do anything.
t := l.notify
if t == atomic.Load(&l.wait) {
unlock(&l.lock)
return
}
// Update the next notify ticket number, and try to find the G that
// needs to be notified. If it hasn't made it to the list yet we won't
// find it, but it won't park itself once it sees the new notify number.
atomic.Store(&l.notify, t+1)
for p, s := (*sudog)(nil), l.head; s != nil; p, s = s, s.next {
if s.ticket == t {
n := s.next
if p != nil {
p.next = n
} else {
l.head = n
}
if n == nil {
l.tail = p
}
unlock(&l.lock)
s.next = nil
readyWithTime(s, 4)
return
}
}
unlock(&l.lock)
}
// Returns only when span s has been swept.
//go:nowritebarrier
func (s *mspan) ensureSwept() {
// Caller must disable preemption.
// Otherwise when this function returns the span can become unswept again
// (if GC is triggered on another goroutine).
_g_ := getg()
if _g_.m.locks == 0 && _g_.m.mallocing == 0 && _g_ != _g_.m.g0 {
throw("MSpan_EnsureSwept: m is not locked")
}
sg := mheap_.sweepgen
if atomic.Load(&s.sweepgen) == sg {
return
}
// The caller must be sure that the span is a MSpanInUse span.
if atomic.Cas(&s.sweepgen, sg-2, sg-1) {
s.sweep(false)
return
}
// unfortunate condition, and we don't have efficient means to wait
for atomic.Load(&s.sweepgen) != sg {
osyield()
}
}
// recordForPanic maintains a circular buffer of messages written by the
// runtime leading up to a process crash, allowing the messages to be
// extracted from a core dump.
//
// The text written during a process crash (following "panic" or "fatal
// error") is not saved, since the goroutine stacks will generally be readable
// from the runtime datastructures in the core file.
func recordForPanic(b []byte) {
printlock()
if atomic.Load(&panicking) == 0 {
// Not actively crashing: maintain circular buffer of print output.
for i := 0; i < len(b); {
n := copy(printBacklog[printBacklogIndex:], b[i:])
i += n
printBacklogIndex += n
printBacklogIndex %= len(printBacklog)
}
}
printunlock()
}
func notesleep(n *note) {
gp := getg()
// Currently OK to sleep in non-g0 for gccgo. It happens in
// stoptheworld because we have not implemented preemption.
// if gp != gp.m.g0 {
// throw("notesleep not on g0")
// }
for atomic.Load(key32(&n.key)) == 0 {
gp.m.blocked = true
futexsleep(key32(&n.key), 0, -1)
gp.m.blocked = false
}
}
// Called from sighandler to send a signal back out of the signal handling thread.
// Reports whether the signal was sent. If not, the caller typically crashes the program.
func sigsend(s uint32) bool {
bit := uint32(1) << uint(s&31)
if !sig.inuse || s >= uint32(32*len(sig.wanted)) || sig.wanted[s/32]&bit == 0 {
return false
}
// Add signal to outgoing queue.
for {
mask := sig.mask[s/32]
if mask&bit != 0 {
return true // signal already in queue
}
if atomic.Cas(&sig.mask[s/32], mask, mask|bit) {
break
}
}
// Notify receiver that queue has new bit.
Send:
for {
switch atomic.Load(&sig.state) {
default:
throw("sigsend: inconsistent state")
case sigIdle:
if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigIdle, sigSending) {
break Send
}
case sigSending:
// notification already pending
break Send
case sigReceiving:
if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigReceiving, sigIdle) {
notewakeup(&sig.note)
break Send
}
}
}
return true
}
// gcParkAssist puts the current goroutine on the assist queue and parks.
//
// gcParkAssist returns whether the assist is now satisfied. If it
// returns false, the caller must retry the assist.
//
//go:nowritebarrier
func gcParkAssist() bool {
lock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
// If the GC cycle finished while we were getting the lock,
// exit the assist. The cycle can't finish while we hold the
// lock.
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return true
}
gp := getg()
oldHead, oldTail := work.assistQueue.head, work.assistQueue.tail
if oldHead == 0 {
work.assistQueue.head.set(gp)
} else {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(gp)
}
work.assistQueue.tail.set(gp)
gp.schedlink.set(nil)
// Recheck for background credit now that this G is in
// the queue, but can still back out. This avoids a
// race in case background marking has flushed more
// credit since we checked above.
if atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit) > 0 {
work.assistQueue.head = oldHead
work.assistQueue.tail = oldTail
if oldTail != 0 {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(nil)
}
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return false
}
// Park.
goparkunlock(&work.assistQueue.lock, "GC assist wait", traceEvGoBlockGC, 2)
return true
}
//go:nosplit
func semasleep(ns int64) int32 {
_g_ := getg()
// Compute sleep deadline.
var tsp *timespec
if ns >= 0 {
var ts timespec
var nsec int32
ns += nanotime()
ts.set_sec(int64(timediv(ns, 1000000000, &nsec)))
ts.set_nsec(nsec)
tsp = &ts
}
for {
v := atomic.Load(&_g_.m.waitsemacount)
if v > 0 {
if atomic.Cas(&_g_.m.waitsemacount, v, v-1) {
return 0 // semaphore acquired
}
continue
}
// Sleep until woken by semawakeup or timeout; or abort if waitsemacount != 0.
//
// From OpenBSD's __thrsleep(2) manual:
// "The abort argument, if not NULL, points to an int that will
// be examined [...] immediately before blocking. If that int
// is non-zero then __thrsleep() will immediately return EINTR
// without blocking."
ret := thrsleep(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&_g_.m.waitsemacount)), _CLOCK_MONOTONIC, tsp, 0, &_g_.m.waitsemacount)
if ret == _EWOULDBLOCK {
return -1
}
}
}
// CgocallBack is used when calling from C/C++ code into Go code.
// The usual approach is
// syscall.CgocallBack()
// defer syscall.CgocallBackDone()
// gofunction()
//go:nosplit
func CgocallBack() {
if getg() == nil || getg().m == nil {
needm(0)
mp := getg().m
mp.dropextram = true
}
exitsyscall(0)
if getg().m.ncgo == 0 {
// The C call to Go came from a thread created by C.
// The C call to Go came from a thread not currently running
// any Go. In the case of -buildmode=c-archive or c-shared,
// this call may be coming in before package initialization
// is complete. Wait until it is.
<-main_init_done
}
mp := getg().m
if mp.needextram || atomic.Load(&extraMWaiters) > 0 {
mp.needextram = false
newextram()
}
}
// gcAssistAlloc1 is the part of gcAssistAlloc that runs on the system
// stack. This is a separate function to make it easier to see that
// we're not capturing anything from the user stack, since the user
// stack may move while we're in this function.
//
// gcAssistAlloc1 indicates whether this assist completed the mark
// phase by setting gp.param to non-nil. This can't be communicated on
// the stack since it may move.
//
//go:systemstack
func gcAssistAlloc1(gp *g, scanWork int64) {
// Clear the flag indicating that this assist completed the
// mark phase.
gp.param = nil
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
// The gcBlackenEnabled check in malloc races with the
// store that clears it but an atomic check in every malloc
// would be a performance hit.
// Instead we recheck it here on the non-preemptable system
// stack to determine if we should preform an assist.
// GC is done, so ignore any remaining debt.
gp.gcAssistBytes = 0
return
}
// Track time spent in this assist. Since we're on the
// system stack, this is non-preemptible, so we can
// just measure start and end time.
startTime := nanotime()
decnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, -1)
if decnwait == work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait =", decnwait, "work.nproc=", work.nproc)
throw("nwait > work.nprocs")
}
// gcDrainN requires the caller to be preemptible.
casgstatus(gp, _Grunning, _Gwaiting)
gp.waitreason = "GC assist marking"
// drain own cached work first in the hopes that it
// will be more cache friendly.
gcw := &getg().m.p.ptr().gcw
workDone := gcDrainN(gcw, scanWork)
// If we are near the end of the mark phase
// dispose of the gcw.
if gcBlackenPromptly {
gcw.dispose()
}
casgstatus(gp, _Gwaiting, _Grunning)
// Record that we did this much scan work.
//
// Back out the number of bytes of assist credit that
// this scan work counts for. The "1+" is a poor man's
// round-up, to ensure this adds credit even if
// assistBytesPerWork is very low.
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(workDone))
// If this is the last worker and we ran out of work,
// signal a completion point.
incnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, +1)
if incnwait > work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait=", incnwait,
"work.nproc=", work.nproc,
"gcBlackenPromptly=", gcBlackenPromptly)
throw("work.nwait > work.nproc")
}
if incnwait == work.nproc && !gcMarkWorkAvailable(nil) {
// This has reached a background completion point. Set
// gp.param to a non-nil value to indicate this. It
// doesn't matter what we set it to (it just has to be
// a valid pointer).
gp.param = unsafe.Pointer(gp)
}
duration := nanotime() - startTime
_p_ := gp.m.p.ptr()
_p_.gcAssistTime += duration
if _p_.gcAssistTime > gcAssistTimeSlack {
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.assistTime, _p_.gcAssistTime)
_p_.gcAssistTime = 0
}
}
// markroot scans the i'th root.
//
// Preemption must be disabled (because this uses a gcWork).
//
// nowritebarrier is only advisory here.
//
//go:nowritebarrier
func markroot(gcw *gcWork, i uint32) {
// TODO(austin): This is a bit ridiculous. Compute and store
// the bases in gcMarkRootPrepare instead of the counts.
baseFlushCache := uint32(fixedRootCount)
baseData := baseFlushCache + uint32(work.nFlushCacheRoots)
baseBSS := baseData + uint32(work.nDataRoots)
baseSpans := baseBSS + uint32(work.nBSSRoots)
baseStacks := baseSpans + uint32(work.nSpanRoots)
baseRescan := baseStacks + uint32(work.nStackRoots)
end := baseRescan + uint32(work.nRescanRoots)
// Note: if you add a case here, please also update heapdump.go:dumproots.
switch {
case baseFlushCache <= i && i < baseData:
flushmcache(int(i - baseFlushCache))
case baseData <= i && i < baseBSS:
for _, datap := range activeModules() {
markrootBlock(datap.data, datap.edata-datap.data, datap.gcdatamask.bytedata, gcw, int(i-baseData))
}
case baseBSS <= i && i < baseSpans:
for _, datap := range activeModules() {
markrootBlock(datap.bss, datap.ebss-datap.bss, datap.gcbssmask.bytedata, gcw, int(i-baseBSS))
}
case i == fixedRootFinalizers:
for fb := allfin; fb != nil; fb = fb.alllink {
cnt := uintptr(atomic.Load(&fb.cnt))
scanblock(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&fb.fin[0])), cnt*unsafe.Sizeof(fb.fin[0]), &finptrmask[0], gcw)
}
case i == fixedRootFreeGStacks:
// Only do this once per GC cycle; preferably
// concurrently.
if !work.markrootDone {
// Switch to the system stack so we can call
// stackfree.
systemstack(markrootFreeGStacks)
}
case baseSpans <= i && i < baseStacks:
// mark MSpan.specials
markrootSpans(gcw, int(i-baseSpans))
default:
// the rest is scanning goroutine stacks
var gp *g
if baseStacks <= i && i < baseRescan {
gp = allgs[i-baseStacks]
} else if baseRescan <= i && i < end {
gp = work.rescan.list[i-baseRescan].ptr()
if gp.gcRescan != int32(i-baseRescan) {
// Looking for issue #17099.
println("runtime: gp", gp, "found at rescan index", i-baseRescan, "but should be at", gp.gcRescan)
throw("bad g rescan index")
}
} else {
throw("markroot: bad index")
}
// remember when we've first observed the G blocked
// needed only to output in traceback
status := readgstatus(gp) // We are not in a scan state
if (status == _Gwaiting || status == _Gsyscall) && gp.waitsince == 0 {
gp.waitsince = work.tstart
}
// scang must be done on the system stack in case
// we're trying to scan our own stack.
systemstack(func() {
// If this is a self-scan, put the user G in
// _Gwaiting to prevent self-deadlock. It may
// already be in _Gwaiting if this is a mark
// worker or we're in mark termination.
userG := getg().m.curg
selfScan := gp == userG && readgstatus(userG) == _Grunning
if selfScan {
casgstatus(userG, _Grunning, _Gwaiting)
userG.waitreason = "garbage collection scan"
}
// TODO: scang blocks until gp's stack has
// been scanned, which may take a while for
// running goroutines. Consider doing this in
// two phases where the first is non-blocking:
// we scan the stacks we can and ask running
// goroutines to scan themselves; and the
// second blocks.
scang(gp, gcw)
if selfScan {
casgstatus(userG, _Gwaiting, _Grunning)
}
})
}
}
// `chanrecv` receives on channel c and writes the received data to `ep`. It is almost the same as [`chansend`](#chansend) but in reverse.
//
// - `ep` is the pointer where to store the received data, it may be nil, in which case received data is ignored. A non-nil `ep` must point to the heap or the caller's stack.
// - `block` comes from the select statemenet, should the receiver block or not? If not then the goroutine will not sleep but return if it could not complete.
// If block == false and no elements are available, returns (false, false).
// Otherwise, if c is closed, zeros *ep and returns (true, false).
// Otherwise, fills in *ep with an element and returns (true, true).
func chanrecv(t *chantype, c *hchan, ep unsafe.Pointer, block bool) (selected, received bool) {
if debugChan {
print("chanrecv: chan=", c, "\n")
}
//<a name="axiom3"/>
// **AXIOM #3** - A receive from a nil channel blocks forever
if c == nil {
if !block {
return
}
gopark(nil, nil, "chan receive (nil chan)", traceEvGoStop, 2)
throw("unreachable")
}
//*Original Comments:*
//
// *Fast path: check for failed non-blocking operation without acquiring the lock.*
//
// *After observing that the channel is not ready for receiving, we observe that the
// channel is not closed. Each of these observations is a single word-sized read
// (first c.sendq.first or c.qcount, and second c.closed).
// Because a channel cannot be reopened, the later observation of the channel
// being not closed implies that it was also not closed at the moment of the
// first observation. We behave as if we observed the channel at that moment
// and report that the receive cannot proceed.*
//
// *The order of operations is important here: reversing the operations can lead to
// incorrect behavior when racing with a close.*
//
// Fast lock-free check whether there is a chance to receive.
//
// If not blocking and the channel is not closed and one of the following conditions are met bail out and return false, we can’t receive at the moment.
//
// 1. buffer has zero size and there is no sender (unbuffered channel)
// 2. buffer has size and is empty (empty buffered channel)
if !block && (c.dataqsiz == 0 && c.sendq.first == nil ||
c.dataqsiz > 0 && atomic.Loaduint(&c.qcount) == 0) &&
atomic.Load(&c.closed) == 0 {
return
}
// Acquire the lock so we are thread safe from now on.
var t0 int64
if blockprofilerate > 0 {
t0 = cputicks()
}
lock(&c.lock)
//<a name="axiom4"/>
//**AXIOM #4** - A receive from a closed channel returns the zero value immediately
if c.closed != 0 && c.qcount == 0 {
if raceenabled {
raceacquire(unsafe.Pointer(c))
}
unlock(&c.lock)
if ep != nil {
// Zero the destination memory and return.
memclr(ep, uintptr(c.elemsize))
}
return true, false
}
if sg := c.sendq.dequeue(); sg != nil {
// Found a waiting sender. If buffer is size 0, receive value
// directly from sender. Otherwise, receive from head of queue
// and add the sender's value to the tail of the queue (both map to
// the same buffer slot because the queue is full).[`recv`](#recv)
recv(c, sg, ep, func() { unlock(&c.lock) })
return true, true
}
// Receive directly from the ring buffer
if c.qcount > 0 {
qp := chanbuf(c, c.recvx)
if raceenabled {
raceacquire(qp)
racerelease(qp)
}
if ep != nil {
typedmemmove(c.elemtype, ep, qp)
}
// Zero the memory in the ring buffer on the recvx slot.
memclr(qp, uintptr(c.elemsize))
// Because it is a ring buffer we wrap the `recvx` if it is
// pointing beyond the buffer.
c.recvx++
if c.recvx == c.dataqsiz {
c.recvx = 0
}
c.qcount--
// Unlock and return true as the value was received.
unlock(&c.lock)
return true, true
}
// We are at the point where we couldn't receive any value the
// ring buffer is empty and there is no sender, so if it should
// not block bail out now.
if !block {
unlock(&c.lock)
return false, false
}
// No sender available: block on this channel.Create new `sudog`
// struct for current receiver and channel and enqueue it to the
// wait list.
gp := getg()
mysg := acquireSudog()
mysg.releasetime = 0
if t0 != 0 {
mysg.releasetime = -1
}
mysg.elem = ep
mysg.waitlink = nil
gp.waiting = mysg
mysg.g = gp
mysg.selectdone = nil
mysg.c = c
gp.param = nil
c.recvq.enqueue(mysg)
// Here the goroutine goes to sleep and scheduler will wake it
// once there is a sender on this channel. The lock is released
// inside the function.
goparkunlock(&c.lock, "chan receive", traceEvGoBlockRecv, 3)
//<a name="rcv_wakeup" />
// This comes after the blocking, the goroutine is awaken.
if mysg != gp.waiting {
throw("G waiting list is corrupted")
}
gp.waiting = nil
if mysg.releasetime > 0 {
blockevent(mysg.releasetime-t0, 2)
}
closed := gp.param == nil
gp.param = nil
mysg.c = nil
releaseSudog(mysg)
return true, !closed
}
// numBlocks returns the number of blocks in buffer b. numBlocks is
// safe to call concurrently with any other operation. Spans that have
// been pushed prior to the call to numBlocks are guaranteed to appear
// in some block in the range [0, numBlocks()), assuming there are no
// intervening pops. Spans that are pushed after the call may also
// appear in these blocks.
func (b *gcSweepBuf) numBlocks() int {
return int((atomic.Load(&b.index) + gcSweepBlockEntries - 1) / gcSweepBlockEntries)
}
func cgocallbackg1(ctxt uintptr) {
gp := getg()
if gp.m.needextram || atomic.Load(&extraMWaiters) > 0 {
gp.m.needextram = false
systemstack(newextram)
}
if ctxt != 0 {
s := append(gp.cgoCtxt, ctxt)
// Now we need to set gp.cgoCtxt = s, but we could get
// a SIGPROF signal while manipulating the slice, and
// the SIGPROF handler could pick up gp.cgoCtxt while
// tracing up the stack. We need to ensure that the
// handler always sees a valid slice, so set the
// values in an order such that it always does.
p := (*slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&gp.cgoCtxt))
atomicstorep(unsafe.Pointer(&p.array), unsafe.Pointer(&s[0]))
p.cap = cap(s)
p.len = len(s)
defer func(gp *g) {
// Decrease the length of the slice by one, safely.
p := (*slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&gp.cgoCtxt))
p.len--
}(gp)
}
if gp.m.ncgo == 0 {
// The C call to Go came from a thread not currently running
// any Go. In the case of -buildmode=c-archive or c-shared,
// this call may be coming in before package initialization
// is complete. Wait until it is.
<-main_init_done
}
// Add entry to defer stack in case of panic.
restore := true
defer unwindm(&restore)
if raceenabled {
raceacquire(unsafe.Pointer(&racecgosync))
}
type args struct {
fn *funcval
arg unsafe.Pointer
argsize uintptr
}
var cb *args
// Location of callback arguments depends on stack frame layout
// and size of stack frame of cgocallback_gofunc.
sp := gp.m.g0.sched.sp
switch GOARCH {
default:
throw("cgocallbackg is unimplemented on arch")
case "arm":
// On arm, stack frame is two words and there's a saved LR between
// SP and the stack frame and between the stack frame and the arguments.
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 4*sys.PtrSize))
case "arm64":
// On arm64, stack frame is four words and there's a saved LR between
// SP and the stack frame and between the stack frame and the arguments.
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 5*sys.PtrSize))
case "amd64":
// On amd64, stack frame is two words, plus caller PC.
if framepointer_enabled {
// In this case, there's also saved BP.
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 4*sys.PtrSize))
break
}
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 3*sys.PtrSize))
case "386":
// On 386, stack frame is three words, plus caller PC.
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 4*sys.PtrSize))
case "ppc64", "ppc64le", "s390x":
// On ppc64 and s390x, the callback arguments are in the arguments area of
// cgocallback's stack frame. The stack looks like this:
// +--------------------+------------------------------+
// | | ... |
// | cgoexp_$fn +------------------------------+
// | | fixed frame area |
// +--------------------+------------------------------+
// | | arguments area |
// | cgocallback +------------------------------+ <- sp + 2*minFrameSize + 2*ptrSize
// | | fixed frame area |
// +--------------------+------------------------------+ <- sp + minFrameSize + 2*ptrSize
// | | local variables (2 pointers) |
// | cgocallback_gofunc +------------------------------+ <- sp + minFrameSize
// | | fixed frame area |
// +--------------------+------------------------------+ <- sp
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 2*sys.MinFrameSize + 2*sys.PtrSize))
case "mips64", "mips64le":
// On mips64x, stack frame is two words and there's a saved LR between
// SP and the stack frame and between the stack frame and the arguments.
cb = (*args)(unsafe.Pointer(sp + 4*sys.PtrSize))
}
// Invoke callback.
// NOTE(rsc): passing nil for argtype means that the copying of the
// results back into cb.arg happens without any corresponding write barriers.
// For cgo, cb.arg points into a C stack frame and therefore doesn't
// hold any pointers that the GC can find anyway - the write barrier
// would be a no-op.
reflectcall(nil, unsafe.Pointer(cb.fn), cb.arg, uint32(cb.argsize), 0)
if raceenabled {
racereleasemerge(unsafe.Pointer(&racecgosync))
}
if msanenabled {
// Tell msan that we wrote to the entire argument block.
// This tells msan that we set the results.
// Since we have already called the function it doesn't
// matter that we are writing to the non-result parameters.
msanwrite(cb.arg, cb.argsize)
}
// Do not unwind m->g0->sched.sp.
// Our caller, cgocallback, will do that.
restore = false
}
// gcAssistAlloc performs GC work to make gp's assist debt positive.
// gp must be the calling user gorountine.
//
// This must be called with preemption enabled.
//go:nowritebarrier
func gcAssistAlloc(gp *g) {
// Don't assist in non-preemptible contexts. These are
// generally fragile and won't allow the assist to block.
if getg() == gp.m.g0 {
return
}
if mp := getg().m; mp.locks > 0 || mp.preemptoff != "" {
return
}
// Compute the amount of scan work we need to do to make the
// balance positive. We over-assist to build up credit for
// future allocations and amortize the cost of assisting.
debtBytes := -gp.gcAssistBytes + gcOverAssistBytes
scanWork := int64(gcController.assistWorkPerByte * float64(debtBytes))
retry:
// Steal as much credit as we can from the background GC's
// scan credit. This is racy and may drop the background
// credit below 0 if two mutators steal at the same time. This
// will just cause steals to fail until credit is accumulated
// again, so in the long run it doesn't really matter, but we
// do have to handle the negative credit case.
bgScanCredit := atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit)
stolen := int64(0)
if bgScanCredit > 0 {
if bgScanCredit < scanWork {
stolen = bgScanCredit
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(stolen))
} else {
stolen = scanWork
gp.gcAssistBytes += debtBytes
}
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit, -stolen)
scanWork -= stolen
if scanWork == 0 {
// We were able to steal all of the credit we
// needed.
return
}
}
// Perform assist work
completed := false
systemstack(func() {
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
// The gcBlackenEnabled check in malloc races with the
// store that clears it but an atomic check in every malloc
// would be a performance hit.
// Instead we recheck it here on the non-preemptable system
// stack to determine if we should preform an assist.
// GC is done, so ignore any remaining debt.
gp.gcAssistBytes = 0
return
}
// Track time spent in this assist. Since we're on the
// system stack, this is non-preemptible, so we can
// just measure start and end time.
startTime := nanotime()
decnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, -1)
if decnwait == work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait =", decnwait, "work.nproc=", work.nproc)
throw("nwait > work.nprocs")
}
// drain own cached work first in the hopes that it
// will be more cache friendly.
gcw := &getg().m.p.ptr().gcw
workDone := gcDrainN(gcw, scanWork)
// If we are near the end of the mark phase
// dispose of the gcw.
if gcBlackenPromptly {
gcw.dispose()
}
// Record that we did this much scan work.
//
// Back out the number of bytes of assist credit that
// this scan work counts for. The "1+" is a poor man's
// round-up, to ensure this adds credit even if
// assistBytesPerWork is very low.
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(workDone))
// If this is the last worker and we ran out of work,
// signal a completion point.
incnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, +1)
if incnwait > work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait=", incnwait,
"work.nproc=", work.nproc,
"gcBlackenPromptly=", gcBlackenPromptly)
throw("work.nwait > work.nproc")
}
if incnwait == work.nproc && !gcMarkWorkAvailable(nil) {
// This has reached a background completion
// point.
completed = true
}
duration := nanotime() - startTime
_p_ := gp.m.p.ptr()
_p_.gcAssistTime += duration
if _p_.gcAssistTime > gcAssistTimeSlack {
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.assistTime, _p_.gcAssistTime)
_p_.gcAssistTime = 0
}
})
if completed {
gcMarkDone()
}
if gp.gcAssistBytes < 0 {
// We were unable steal enough credit or perform
// enough work to pay off the assist debt. We need to
// do one of these before letting the mutator allocate
// more to prevent over-allocation.
//
// If this is because we were preempted, reschedule
// and try some more.
if gp.preempt {
Gosched()
goto retry
}
// Add this G to an assist queue and park. When the GC
// has more background credit, it will satisfy queued
// assists before flushing to the global credit pool.
//
// Note that this does *not* get woken up when more
// work is added to the work list. The theory is that
// there wasn't enough work to do anyway, so we might
// as well let background marking take care of the
// work that is available.
lock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
// If the GC cycle is over, just return. This is the
// likely path if we completed above. We do this
// under the lock to prevent a GC cycle from ending
// between this check and queuing the assist.
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return
}
oldHead, oldTail := work.assistQueue.head, work.assistQueue.tail
if oldHead == 0 {
work.assistQueue.head.set(gp)
} else {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(gp)
}
work.assistQueue.tail.set(gp)
gp.schedlink.set(nil)
// Recheck for background credit now that this G is in
// the queue, but can still back out. This avoids a
// race in case background marking has flushed more
// credit since we checked above.
if atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit) > 0 {
work.assistQueue.head = oldHead
work.assistQueue.tail = oldTail
if oldTail != 0 {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(nil)
}
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
goto retry
}
// Park for real.
goparkunlock(&work.assistQueue.lock, "GC assist wait", traceEvGoBlock, 2)
// At this point either background GC has satisfied
// this G's assist debt, or the GC cycle is over.
}
}
// chanrecv receives on channel c and writes the received data to ep.
// ep may be nil, in which case received data is ignored.
// If block == false and no elements are available, returns (false, false).
// Otherwise, if c is closed, zeros *ep and returns (true, false).
// Otherwise, fills in *ep with an element and returns (true, true).
// A non-nil ep must point to the heap or the caller's stack.
func chanrecv(t *chantype, c *hchan, ep unsafe.Pointer, block bool) (selected, received bool) {
// raceenabled: don't need to check ep, as it is always on the stack
// or is new memory allocated by reflect.
if debugChan {
print("chanrecv: chan=", c, "\n")
}
if c == nil {
if !block {
return
}
gopark(nil, nil, "chan receive (nil chan)", traceEvGoStop, 2)
throw("unreachable")
}
// Fast path: check for failed non-blocking operation without acquiring the lock.
//
// After observing that the channel is not ready for receiving, we observe that the
// channel is not closed. Each of these observations is a single word-sized read
// (first c.sendq.first or c.qcount, and second c.closed).
// Because a channel cannot be reopened, the later observation of the channel
// being not closed implies that it was also not closed at the moment of the
// first observation. We behave as if we observed the channel at that moment
// and report that the receive cannot proceed.
//
// The order of operations is important here: reversing the operations can lead to
// incorrect behavior when racing with a close.
if !block && (c.dataqsiz == 0 && c.sendq.first == nil ||
c.dataqsiz > 0 && atomic.Loaduint(&c.qcount) == 0) &&
atomic.Load(&c.closed) == 0 {
return
}
var t0 int64
if blockprofilerate > 0 {
t0 = cputicks()
}
lock(&c.lock)
if c.closed != 0 && c.qcount == 0 {
if raceenabled {
raceacquire(unsafe.Pointer(c))
}
unlock(&c.lock)
if ep != nil {
memclr(ep, uintptr(c.elemsize))
}
return true, false
}
if sg := c.sendq.dequeue(); sg != nil {
// Found a waiting sender. If buffer is size 0, receive value
// directly from sender. Otherwise, receive from head of queue
// and add sender's value to the tail of the queue (both map to
// the same buffer slot because the queue is full).
recv(c, sg, ep, func() { unlock(&c.lock) })
return true, true
}
if c.qcount > 0 {
// Receive directly from queue
qp := chanbuf(c, c.recvx)
if raceenabled {
raceacquire(qp)
racerelease(qp)
}
if ep != nil {
typedmemmove(c.elemtype, ep, qp)
}
memclr(qp, uintptr(c.elemsize))
c.recvx++
if c.recvx == c.dataqsiz {
c.recvx = 0
}
c.qcount--
unlock(&c.lock)
return true, true
}
if !block {
unlock(&c.lock)
return false, false
}
// no sender available: block on this channel.
gp := getg()
mysg := acquireSudog()
mysg.releasetime = 0
if t0 != 0 {
mysg.releasetime = -1
}
// No stack splits between assigning elem and enqueuing mysg
// on gp.waiting where copystack can find it.
mysg.elem = ep
mysg.waitlink = nil
gp.waiting = mysg
mysg.g = gp
mysg.selectdone = nil
mysg.c = c
gp.param = nil
c.recvq.enqueue(mysg)
goparkunlock(&c.lock, "chan receive", traceEvGoBlockRecv, 3)
// someone woke us up
if mysg != gp.waiting {
throw("G waiting list is corrupted")
}
gp.waiting = nil
if mysg.releasetime > 0 {
blockevent(mysg.releasetime-t0, 2)
}
closed := gp.param == nil
gp.param = nil
mysg.c = nil
releaseSudog(mysg)
return true, !closed
}
//go:nosplit
func readgstatus(gp *g) uint32 {
return atomic.Load(&gp.atomicstatus)
}
func netpollinited() bool {
return atomic.Load(&netpollInited) != 0
}