// Encode returns an encoding of text at the given error correction level.
func Encode(text string, level Level) (*Code, error) {
// Pick data encoding, smallest first.
// We could split the string and use different encodings
// but that seems like overkill for now.
var enc coding.Encoding
switch {
case coding.Num(text).Check() == nil:
enc = coding.Num(text)
case coding.Alpha(text).Check() == nil:
enc = coding.Alpha(text)
default:
enc = coding.String(text)
}
// Pick size.
l := coding.Level(level)
var v coding.Version
for v = coding.MinVersion; ; v++ {
if v > coding.MaxVersion {
return nil, errors.New("text too long to encode as QR")
}
if enc.Bits(v) <= v.DataBytes(l)*8 {
break
}
}
// Build and execute plan.
p, err := coding.NewPlan(v, l, 0)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
cc, err := p.Encode(enc)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// TODO: Pick appropriate mask.
return &Code{cc.Bitmap, cc.Size, cc.Stride, 8}, nil
}
// Encode encodes
func (m *Image) Encode() error {
p, err := coding.NewPlan(coding.Version(m.Version), coding.L, coding.Mask(m.Mask))
if err != nil {
return err
}
m.rotate(p, m.Rotation)
// QR parameters.
nd := p.DataBytes / p.Blocks
nc := p.CheckBytes / p.Blocks
extra := p.DataBytes - nd*p.Blocks
rs := gf256.NewRSEncoder(coding.Field, nc)
// Build information about pixels, indexed by data/check bit number.
pixByOff := make([]pixinfo, (p.DataBytes+p.CheckBytes)*8)
expect := make([][]bool, len(p.Pixel))
for y, row := range p.Pixel {
expect[y] = make([]bool, len(row))
for x, pix := range row {
targ, contrast := m.target(x, y)
if m.RandControl && contrast >= 0 {
contrast = rand.Intn(128) + 64*((x+y)%2) + 64*((x+y)%3%2)
}
expect[y][x] = pix&coding.Black != 0
if r := pix.Role(); r == coding.Data || r == coding.Check {
pixByOff[pix.Offset()] = pixinfo{X: x, Y: y, Pix: pix, Targ: targ, Contrast: contrast}
}
}
}
Again:
// Count fixed initial data bits, prepare template URL.
url := m.URL + "#"
var b coding.Bits
coding.String(url).Encode(&b, p.Version)
coding.Num("").Encode(&b, p.Version)
bbit := b.Bits()
dbit := p.DataBytes*8 - bbit
if dbit < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot encode URL into available bits")
}
num := make([]byte, dbit/10*3)
for i := range num {
num[i] = '0'
}
b.Pad(dbit)
b.Reset()
coding.String(url).Encode(&b, p.Version)
coding.Num(num).Encode(&b, p.Version)
b.AddCheckBytes(p.Version, p.Level)
data := b.Bytes()
doff := 0 // data offset
coff := 0 // checksum offset
mbit := bbit + dbit/10*10
// Choose pixels.
bitblocks := make([]*bitBlock, p.Blocks)
for blocknum := 0; blocknum < p.Blocks; blocknum++ {
if blocknum == p.Blocks-extra {
nd++
}
bdata := data[doff/8 : doff/8+nd]
cdata := data[p.DataBytes+coff/8 : p.DataBytes+coff/8+nc]
bb := newBlock(nd, nc, rs, bdata, cdata)
bitblocks[blocknum] = bb
// Determine which bits in this block we can try to edit.
lo, hi := 0, nd*8
if lo < bbit-doff {
lo = bbit - doff
if lo > hi {
lo = hi
}
}
if hi > mbit-doff {
hi = mbit - doff
if hi < lo {
hi = lo
}
}
// Preserve [0, lo) and [hi, nd*8).
for i := 0; i < lo; i++ {
if !bb.canSet(uint(i), (bdata[i/8]>>uint(7-i&7))&1) {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot preserve required bits")
}
}
for i := hi; i < nd*8; i++ {
if !bb.canSet(uint(i), (bdata[i/8]>>uint(7-i&7))&1) {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot preserve required bits")
}
}
// Can edit [lo, hi) and checksum bits to hit target.
// Determine which ones to try first.
order := make([]pixOrder, (hi-lo)+nc*8)
for i := lo; i < hi; i++ {
order[i-lo].Off = doff + i
}
for i := 0; i < nc*8; i++ {
order[hi-lo+i].Off = p.DataBytes*8 + coff + i
}
if m.OnlyDataBits {
order = order[:hi-lo]
}
for i := range order {
po := &order[i]
po.Priority = pixByOff[po.Off].Contrast<<8 | rand.Intn(256)
}
sort.Sort(byPriority(order))
const mark = false
for i := range order {
po := &order[i]
pinfo := &pixByOff[po.Off]
bval := pinfo.Targ
if bval < 128 {
bval = 1
} else {
bval = 0
}
pix := pinfo.Pix
if pix&coding.Invert != 0 {
bval ^= 1
}
if pinfo.HardZero {
bval = 0
}
var bi int
if pix.Role() == coding.Data {
bi = po.Off - doff
} else {
bi = po.Off - p.DataBytes*8 - coff + nd*8
}
if bb.canSet(uint(bi), bval) {
pinfo.Block = bb
pinfo.Bit = uint(bi)
if mark {
p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = coding.Black
}
} else {
if pinfo.HardZero {
panic("hard zero")
}
if mark {
p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = 0
}
}
}
bb.copyOut()
const cheat = false
for i := 0; i < nd*8; i++ {
pinfo := &pixByOff[doff+i]
pix := p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X]
if bb.B[i/8]&(1<<uint(7-i&7)) != 0 {
pix ^= coding.Black
}
expect[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = pix&coding.Black != 0
if cheat {
p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = pix & coding.Black
}
}
for i := 0; i < nc*8; i++ {
pinfo := &pixByOff[p.DataBytes*8+coff+i]
pix := p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X]
if bb.B[nd+i/8]&(1<<uint(7-i&7)) != 0 {
pix ^= coding.Black
}
expect[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = pix&coding.Black != 0
if cheat {
p.Pixel[pinfo.Y][pinfo.X] = pix & coding.Black
}
}
doff += nd * 8
coff += nc * 8
}
// Pass over all pixels again, dithering.
if m.Dither {
for i := range pixByOff {
pinfo := &pixByOff[i]
pinfo.DTarg = int(pinfo.Targ)
}
for y, row := range p.Pixel {
for x, pix := range row {
if pix.Role() != coding.Data && pix.Role() != coding.Check {
continue
}
pinfo := &pixByOff[pix.Offset()]
if pinfo.Block == nil {
// did not choose this pixel
continue
}
pix := pinfo.Pix
pval := byte(1) // pixel value (black)
v := 0 // gray value (black)
targ := pinfo.DTarg
if targ >= 128 {
// want white
pval = 0
v = 255
}
bval := pval // bit value
if pix&coding.Invert != 0 {
bval ^= 1
}
if pinfo.HardZero && bval != 0 {
bval ^= 1
pval ^= 1
v ^= 255
}
// Set pixel value as we want it.
pinfo.Block.reset(pinfo.Bit, bval)
_, _ = x, y
err := targ - v
if x+1 < len(row) {
addDither(pixByOff, row[x+1], err*7/16)
}
if false && y+1 < len(p.Pixel) {
if x > 0 {
addDither(pixByOff, p.Pixel[y+1][x-1], err*3/16)
}
addDither(pixByOff, p.Pixel[y+1][x], err*5/16)
if x+1 < len(row) {
addDither(pixByOff, p.Pixel[y+1][x+1], err*1/16)
}
}
}
}
for _, bb := range bitblocks {
bb.copyOut()
}
}
noops := 0
// Copy numbers back out.
for i := 0; i < dbit/10; i++ {
// Pull out 10 bits.
v := 0
for j := 0; j < 10; j++ {
bi := uint(bbit + 10*i + j)
v <<= 1
v |= int((data[bi/8] >> (7 - bi&7)) & 1)
}
// Turn into 3 digits.
if v >= 1000 {
// Oops - too many 1 bits.
// We know the 512, 256, 128, 64, 32 bits are all set.
// Pick one at random to clear. This will break some
// checksum bits, but so be it.
// println("oops", i, v)
pinfo := &pixByOff[bbit+10*i+3] // TODO random
pinfo.Contrast = 1e9 >> 8
pinfo.HardZero = true
noops++
}
num[i*3+0] = byte(v/100 + '0')
num[i*3+1] = byte(v/10%10 + '0')
num[i*3+2] = byte(v%10 + '0')
}
if noops > 0 {
goto Again
}
var b1 coding.Bits
coding.String(url).Encode(&b1, p.Version)
coding.Num(num).Encode(&b1, p.Version)
b1.AddCheckBytes(p.Version, p.Level)
if !bytes.Equal(b.Bytes(), b1.Bytes()) {
fmt.Printf("mismatch\n%d %x\n%d %x\n", len(b.Bytes()), b.Bytes(), len(b1.Bytes()), b1.Bytes())
panic("byte mismatch")
}
cc, err := p.Encode(coding.String(url), coding.Num(num))
if err != nil {
return err
}
if !m.Dither {
for y, row := range expect {
for x, pix := range row {
if cc.Black(x, y) != pix {
println("mismatch", x, y, p.Pixel[y][x].String())
}
}
}
}
m.Code = &qr.Code{Bitmap: cc.Bitmap, Size: cc.Size, Stride: cc.Stride, Scale: m.Scale}
if m.SaveControl {
// m.Control = pngEncode(makeImage(req, "", "", 0, cc.Size, 4, m.Scale, func(x, y int) (rgba uint32) {
// pix := p.Pixel[y][x]
// if pix.Role() == coding.Data || pix.Role() == coding.Check {
// pinfo := &pixByOff[pix.Offset()]
// if pinfo.Block != nil {
// if cc.Black(x, y) {
// return 0x000000ff
// }
// return 0xffffffff
// }
// }
// if cc.Black(x, y) {
// return 0x3f3f3fff
// }
// return 0xbfbfbfff
// }))
}
return nil
}