// Run a contract's code on an isolated and unpersisted state // Cannot be used to create new contracts func (this *transactor) Call(fromAddress, toAddress, data []byte) (*Call, error) { st := this.consensusState.GetState() // performs a copy cache := state.NewBlockCache(st) outAcc := cache.GetAccount(toAddress) if outAcc == nil { return nil, fmt.Errorf("Account %X does not exist", toAddress) } if fromAddress == nil { fromAddress = []byte{} } callee := toVMAccount(outAcc) caller := &vm.Account{Address: cmn.LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} txCache := state.NewTxCache(cache) params := vm.Params{ BlockHeight: int64(st.LastBlockHeight), BlockHash: cmn.LeftPadWord256(st.LastBlockHash), BlockTime: st.LastBlockTime.Unix(), GasLimit: 10000000, } vmach := vm.NewVM(txCache, params, caller.Address, nil) vmach.SetFireable(this.eventSwitch) gas := int64(1000000000) ret, err := vmach.Call(caller, callee, callee.Code, data, 0, &gas) if err != nil { return nil, err } return &Call{Return: hex.EncodeToString(ret)}, nil }
// Run a contract's code on an isolated and unpersisted state // Cannot be used to create new contracts func Call(fromAddress, toAddress, data []byte) (*ctypes.ResponseCall, error) { st := consensusState.GetState() // performs a copy cache := state.NewBlockCache(st) outAcc := cache.GetAccount(toAddress) if outAcc == nil { return nil, fmt.Errorf("Account %x does not exist", toAddress) } callee := toVMAccount(outAcc) caller := &vm.Account{Address: LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} txCache := state.NewTxCache(cache) params := vm.Params{ BlockHeight: int64(st.LastBlockHeight), BlockHash: LeftPadWord256(st.LastBlockHash), BlockTime: st.LastBlockTime.Unix(), GasLimit: st.GetGasLimit(), } vmach := vm.NewVM(txCache, params, caller.Address, nil) gas := st.GetGasLimit() ret, err := vmach.Call(caller, callee, callee.Code, data, 0, &gas) if err != nil { return nil, err } return &ctypes.ResponseCall{Return: ret}, nil }
// Run the given code on an isolated and unpersisted state // Cannot be used to create new contracts func CallCode(fromAddress, code, data []byte) (*ctypes.ResponseCall, error) { st := consensusState.GetState() // performs a copy cache := mempoolReactor.Mempool.GetCache() callee := &vm.Account{Address: LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} caller := &vm.Account{Address: LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} txCache := state.NewTxCache(cache) params := vm.Params{ BlockHeight: int64(st.LastBlockHeight), BlockHash: LeftPadWord256(st.LastBlockHash), BlockTime: st.LastBlockTime.Unix(), GasLimit: st.GetGasLimit(), } vmach := vm.NewVM(txCache, params, caller.Address, nil) gas := st.GetGasLimit() ret, err := vmach.Call(caller, callee, code, data, 0, &gas) if err != nil { return nil, err } return &ctypes.ResponseCall{Return: ret}, nil }
// Run the given code on an isolated and unpersisted state // Cannot be used to create new contracts. func (this *transactor) CallCode(fromAddress, code, data []byte) (*Call, error) { if fromAddress == nil { fromAddress = []byte{} } st := this.consensusState.GetState() // performs a copy cache := this.mempoolReactor.Mempool.GetCache() callee := &vm.Account{Address: cmn.LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} caller := &vm.Account{Address: cmn.LeftPadWord256(fromAddress)} txCache := state.NewTxCache(cache) params := vm.Params{ BlockHeight: int64(st.LastBlockHeight), BlockHash: cmn.LeftPadWord256(st.LastBlockHash), BlockTime: st.LastBlockTime.Unix(), GasLimit: 10000000, } vmach := vm.NewVM(txCache, params, caller.Address, nil) gas := int64(1000000000) ret, err := vmach.Call(caller, callee, code, data, 0, &gas) if err != nil { return nil, err } return &Call{Return: hex.EncodeToString(ret)}, nil }
// If the tx is invalid, an error will be returned. // Unlike ExecBlock(), state will not be altered. func ExecTx(blockCache *BlockCache, tx types.Tx, runCall bool, evc events.Fireable) (err error) { // TODO: do something with fees fees := int64(0) _s := blockCache.State() // hack to access validators and block height // Exec tx switch tx := tx.(type) { case *types.SendTx: accounts, err := getInputs(blockCache, tx.Inputs) if err != nil { return err } // ensure all inputs have send permissions if !hasSendPermission(blockCache, accounts) { return fmt.Errorf("At least one input lacks permission for SendTx") } // add outputs to accounts map // if any outputs don't exist, all inputs must have CreateAccount perm accounts, err = getOrMakeOutputs(blockCache, accounts, tx.Outputs) if err != nil { return err } signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) inTotal, err := validateInputs(accounts, signBytes, tx.Inputs) if err != nil { return err } outTotal, err := validateOutputs(tx.Outputs) if err != nil { return err } if outTotal > inTotal { return types.ErrTxInsufficientFunds } fee := inTotal - outTotal fees += fee // Good! Adjust accounts adjustByInputs(accounts, tx.Inputs) adjustByOutputs(accounts, tx.Outputs) for _, acc := range accounts { blockCache.UpdateAccount(acc) } // if the evc is nil, nothing will happen if evc != nil { for _, i := range tx.Inputs { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccInput(i.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } for _, o := range tx.Outputs { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccOutput(o.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } } return nil case *types.CallTx: var inAcc, outAcc *acm.Account // Validate input inAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(tx.Input.Address) if inAcc == nil { log.Info(Fmt("Can't find in account %X", tx.Input.Address)) return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } createContract := len(tx.Address) == 0 if createContract { if !hasCreateContractPermission(blockCache, inAcc) { return fmt.Errorf("Account %X does not have CreateContract permission", tx.Input.Address) } } else { if !hasCallPermission(blockCache, inAcc) { return fmt.Errorf("Account %X does not have Call permission", tx.Input.Address) } } // pubKey should be present in either "inAcc" or "tx.Input" if err := checkInputPubKey(inAcc, tx.Input); err != nil { log.Info(Fmt("Can't find pubkey for %X", tx.Input.Address)) return err } signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) err := validateInput(inAcc, signBytes, tx.Input) if err != nil { log.Info(Fmt("validateInput failed on %X: %v", tx.Input.Address, err)) return err } if tx.Input.Amount < tx.Fee { log.Info(Fmt("Sender did not send enough to cover the fee %X", tx.Input.Address)) return types.ErrTxInsufficientFunds } if !createContract { // Validate output if len(tx.Address) != 20 { log.Info(Fmt("Destination address is not 20 bytes %X", tx.Address)) return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } // check if its a native contract if vm.RegisteredNativeContract(LeftPadWord256(tx.Address)) { return fmt.Errorf("NativeContracts can not be called using CallTx. Use a contract or the appropriate tx type (eg. PermissionsTx, NameTx)") } // Output account may be nil if we are still in mempool and contract was created in same block as this tx // but that's fine, because the account will be created properly when the create tx runs in the block // and then this won't return nil. otherwise, we take their fee outAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(tx.Address) } log.Info(Fmt("Out account: %v", outAcc)) // Good! value := tx.Input.Amount - tx.Fee inAcc.Sequence += 1 inAcc.Balance -= tx.Fee blockCache.UpdateAccount(inAcc) // The logic in runCall MUST NOT return. if runCall { // VM call variables var ( gas int64 = tx.GasLimit err error = nil caller *vm.Account = toVMAccount(inAcc) callee *vm.Account = nil // initialized below code []byte = nil ret []byte = nil txCache = NewTxCache(blockCache) params = vm.Params{ BlockHeight: int64(_s.LastBlockHeight), BlockHash: LeftPadWord256(_s.LastBlockHash), BlockTime: _s.LastBlockTime.Unix(), GasLimit: _s.GetGasLimit(), } ) if !createContract && (outAcc == nil || len(outAcc.Code) == 0) { // if you call an account that doesn't exist // or an account with no code then we take fees (sorry pal) // NOTE: it's fine to create a contract and call it within one // block (nonce will prevent re-ordering of those txs) // but to create with one contract and call with another // you have to wait a block to avoid a re-ordering attack // that will take your fees if outAcc == nil { log.Info(Fmt("%X tries to call %X but it does not exist.", inAcc.Address, tx.Address)) } else { log.Info(Fmt("%X tries to call %X but code is blank.", inAcc.Address, tx.Address)) } err = types.ErrTxInvalidAddress goto CALL_COMPLETE } // get or create callee if createContract { // We already checked for permission callee = txCache.CreateAccount(caller) log.Info(Fmt("Created new contract %X", callee.Address)) code = tx.Data } else { callee = toVMAccount(outAcc) log.Info(Fmt("Calling contract %X with code %X", callee.Address, callee.Code)) code = callee.Code } log.Info(Fmt("Code for this contract: %X", code)) // Run VM call and sync txCache to blockCache. { // Capture scope for goto. // Write caller/callee to txCache. txCache.UpdateAccount(caller) txCache.UpdateAccount(callee) vmach := vm.NewVM(txCache, params, caller.Address, types.TxID(_s.ChainID, tx)) vmach.SetFireable(evc) // NOTE: Call() transfers the value from caller to callee iff call succeeds. ret, err = vmach.Call(caller, callee, code, tx.Data, value, &gas) if err != nil { // Failure. Charge the gas fee. The 'value' was otherwise not transferred. log.Info(Fmt("Error on execution: %v", err)) goto CALL_COMPLETE } log.Info("Successful execution") if createContract { callee.Code = ret } txCache.Sync() } CALL_COMPLETE: // err may or may not be nil. // Create a receipt from the ret and whether errored. log.Notice("VM call complete", "caller", caller, "callee", callee, "return", ret, "err", err) // Fire Events for sender and receiver // a separate event will be fired from vm for each additional call if evc != nil { exception := "" if err != nil { exception = err.Error() } evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccInput(tx.Input.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, ret, exception}) evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccOutput(tx.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, ret, exception}) } } else { // The mempool does not call txs until // the proposer determines the order of txs. // So mempool will skip the actual .Call(), // and only deduct from the caller's balance. inAcc.Balance -= value if createContract { inAcc.Sequence += 1 } blockCache.UpdateAccount(inAcc) } return nil case *types.NameTx: var inAcc *acm.Account // Validate input inAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(tx.Input.Address) if inAcc == nil { log.Info(Fmt("Can't find in account %X", tx.Input.Address)) return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } // check permission if !hasNamePermission(blockCache, inAcc) { return fmt.Errorf("Account %X does not have Name permission", tx.Input.Address) } // pubKey should be present in either "inAcc" or "tx.Input" if err := checkInputPubKey(inAcc, tx.Input); err != nil { log.Info(Fmt("Can't find pubkey for %X", tx.Input.Address)) return err } signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) err := validateInput(inAcc, signBytes, tx.Input) if err != nil { log.Info(Fmt("validateInput failed on %X: %v", tx.Input.Address, err)) return err } // fee is in addition to the amount which is used to determine the TTL if tx.Input.Amount < tx.Fee { log.Info(Fmt("Sender did not send enough to cover the fee %X", tx.Input.Address)) return types.ErrTxInsufficientFunds } // validate the input strings if err := tx.ValidateStrings(); err != nil { return err } value := tx.Input.Amount - tx.Fee // let's say cost of a name for one block is len(data) + 32 costPerBlock := types.NameCostPerBlock(types.NameBaseCost(tx.Name, tx.Data)) expiresIn := int(value / costPerBlock) lastBlockHeight := _s.LastBlockHeight log.Info("New NameTx", "value", value, "costPerBlock", costPerBlock, "expiresIn", expiresIn, "lastBlock", lastBlockHeight) // check if the name exists entry := blockCache.GetNameRegEntry(tx.Name) if entry != nil { var expired bool // if the entry already exists, and hasn't expired, we must be owner if entry.Expires > lastBlockHeight { // ensure we are owner if bytes.Compare(entry.Owner, tx.Input.Address) != 0 { log.Info(Fmt("Sender %X is trying to update a name (%s) for which he is not owner", tx.Input.Address, tx.Name)) return types.ErrTxPermissionDenied } } else { expired = true } // no value and empty data means delete the entry if value == 0 && len(tx.Data) == 0 { // maybe we reward you for telling us we can delete this crap // (owners if not expired, anyone if expired) log.Info("Removing namereg entry", "name", entry.Name) blockCache.RemoveNameRegEntry(entry.Name) } else { // update the entry by bumping the expiry // and changing the data if expired { if expiresIn < types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod { return errors.New(Fmt("Names must be registered for at least %d blocks", types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod)) } entry.Expires = lastBlockHeight + expiresIn entry.Owner = tx.Input.Address log.Info("An old namereg entry has expired and been reclaimed", "name", entry.Name, "expiresIn", expiresIn, "owner", entry.Owner) } else { // since the size of the data may have changed // we use the total amount of "credit" oldCredit := int64(entry.Expires-lastBlockHeight) * types.NameBaseCost(entry.Name, entry.Data) credit := oldCredit + value expiresIn = int(credit / costPerBlock) if expiresIn < types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod { return errors.New(Fmt("Names must be registered for at least %d blocks", types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod)) } entry.Expires = lastBlockHeight + expiresIn log.Info("Updated namereg entry", "name", entry.Name, "expiresIn", expiresIn, "oldCredit", oldCredit, "value", value, "credit", credit) } entry.Data = tx.Data blockCache.UpdateNameRegEntry(entry) } } else { if expiresIn < types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod { return errors.New(Fmt("Names must be registered for at least %d blocks", types.MinNameRegistrationPeriod)) } // entry does not exist, so create it entry = &types.NameRegEntry{ Name: tx.Name, Owner: tx.Input.Address, Data: tx.Data, Expires: lastBlockHeight + expiresIn, } log.Info("Creating namereg entry", "name", entry.Name, "expiresIn", expiresIn) blockCache.UpdateNameRegEntry(entry) } // TODO: something with the value sent? // Good! inAcc.Sequence += 1 inAcc.Balance -= value blockCache.UpdateAccount(inAcc) // TODO: maybe we want to take funds on error and allow txs in that don't do anythingi? if evc != nil { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccInput(tx.Input.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringNameReg(tx.Name), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil case *types.BondTx: valInfo := blockCache.State().GetValidatorInfo(tx.PubKey.Address()) if valInfo != nil { // TODO: In the future, check that the validator wasn't destroyed, // add funds, merge UnbondTo outputs, and unbond validator. return errors.New("Adding coins to existing validators not yet supported") } accounts, err := getInputs(blockCache, tx.Inputs) if err != nil { return err } // add outputs to accounts map // if any outputs don't exist, all inputs must have CreateAccount perm // though outputs aren't created until unbonding/release time canCreate := hasCreateAccountPermission(blockCache, accounts) for _, out := range tx.UnbondTo { acc := blockCache.GetAccount(out.Address) if acc == nil && !canCreate { return fmt.Errorf("At least one input does not have permission to create accounts") } } bondAcc := blockCache.GetAccount(tx.PubKey.Address()) if !hasBondPermission(blockCache, bondAcc) { return fmt.Errorf("The bonder does not have permission to bond") } if !hasBondOrSendPermission(blockCache, accounts) { return fmt.Errorf("At least one input lacks permission to bond") } signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) inTotal, err := validateInputs(accounts, signBytes, tx.Inputs) if err != nil { return err } if !tx.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, tx.Signature) { return types.ErrTxInvalidSignature } outTotal, err := validateOutputs(tx.UnbondTo) if err != nil { return err } if outTotal > inTotal { return types.ErrTxInsufficientFunds } fee := inTotal - outTotal fees += fee // Good! Adjust accounts adjustByInputs(accounts, tx.Inputs) for _, acc := range accounts { blockCache.UpdateAccount(acc) } // Add ValidatorInfo _s.SetValidatorInfo(&types.ValidatorInfo{ Address: tx.PubKey.Address(), PubKey: tx.PubKey, UnbondTo: tx.UnbondTo, FirstBondHeight: _s.LastBlockHeight + 1, FirstBondAmount: outTotal, }) // Add Validator added := _s.BondedValidators.Add(&types.Validator{ Address: tx.PubKey.Address(), PubKey: tx.PubKey, BondHeight: _s.LastBlockHeight + 1, VotingPower: outTotal, Accum: 0, }) if !added { PanicCrisis("Failed to add validator") } if evc != nil { // TODO: fire for all inputs evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringBond(), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil case *types.UnbondTx: // The validator must be active _, val := _s.BondedValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address) if val == nil { return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } // Verify the signature signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) if !val.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, tx.Signature) { return types.ErrTxInvalidSignature } // tx.Height must be greater than val.LastCommitHeight if tx.Height <= val.LastCommitHeight { return errors.New("Invalid unbond height") } // Good! _s.unbondValidator(val) if evc != nil { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringUnbond(), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil case *types.RebondTx: // The validator must be inactive _, val := _s.UnbondingValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address) if val == nil { return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } // Verify the signature signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) if !val.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, tx.Signature) { return types.ErrTxInvalidSignature } // tx.Height must be in a suitable range minRebondHeight := _s.LastBlockHeight - (validatorTimeoutBlocks / 2) maxRebondHeight := _s.LastBlockHeight + 2 if !((minRebondHeight <= tx.Height) && (tx.Height <= maxRebondHeight)) { return errors.New(Fmt("Rebond height not in range. Expected %v <= %v <= %v", minRebondHeight, tx.Height, maxRebondHeight)) } // Good! _s.rebondValidator(val) if evc != nil { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringRebond(), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil case *types.DupeoutTx: // Verify the signatures _, accused := _s.BondedValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address) if accused == nil { _, accused = _s.UnbondingValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address) if accused == nil { return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } } voteASignBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, &tx.VoteA) voteBSignBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, &tx.VoteB) if !accused.PubKey.VerifyBytes(voteASignBytes, tx.VoteA.Signature) || !accused.PubKey.VerifyBytes(voteBSignBytes, tx.VoteB.Signature) { return types.ErrTxInvalidSignature } // Verify equivocation // TODO: in the future, just require one vote from a previous height that // doesn't exist on this chain. if tx.VoteA.Height != tx.VoteB.Height { return errors.New("DupeoutTx heights don't match") } if tx.VoteA.Round != tx.VoteB.Round { return errors.New("DupeoutTx rounds don't match") } if tx.VoteA.Type != tx.VoteB.Type { return errors.New("DupeoutTx types don't match") } if bytes.Equal(tx.VoteA.BlockHash, tx.VoteB.BlockHash) { return errors.New("DupeoutTx blockhashes shouldn't match") } // Good! (Bad validator!) _s.destroyValidator(accused) if evc != nil { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringDupeout(), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil case *types.PermissionsTx: var inAcc *acm.Account // Validate input inAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(tx.Input.Address) if inAcc == nil { log.Debug(Fmt("Can't find in account %X", tx.Input.Address)) return types.ErrTxInvalidAddress } permFlag := tx.PermArgs.PermFlag() // check permission if !HasPermission(blockCache, inAcc, permFlag) { return fmt.Errorf("Account %X does not have moderator permission %s (%b)", tx.Input.Address, ptypes.PermFlagToString(permFlag), permFlag) } // pubKey should be present in either "inAcc" or "tx.Input" if err := checkInputPubKey(inAcc, tx.Input); err != nil { log.Debug(Fmt("Can't find pubkey for %X", tx.Input.Address)) return err } signBytes := acm.SignBytes(_s.ChainID, tx) err := validateInput(inAcc, signBytes, tx.Input) if err != nil { log.Debug(Fmt("validateInput failed on %X: %v", tx.Input.Address, err)) return err } value := tx.Input.Amount log.Debug("New PermissionsTx", "function", ptypes.PermFlagToString(permFlag), "args", tx.PermArgs) var permAcc *acm.Account switch args := tx.PermArgs.(type) { case *ptypes.HasBaseArgs: // this one doesn't make sense from txs return fmt.Errorf("HasBase is for contracts, not humans. Just look at the blockchain") case *ptypes.SetBaseArgs: if permAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(args.Address); permAcc == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Trying to update permissions for unknown account %X", args.Address) } err = permAcc.Permissions.Base.Set(args.Permission, args.Value) case *ptypes.UnsetBaseArgs: if permAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(args.Address); permAcc == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Trying to update permissions for unknown account %X", args.Address) } err = permAcc.Permissions.Base.Unset(args.Permission) case *ptypes.SetGlobalArgs: if permAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(ptypes.GlobalPermissionsAddress); permAcc == nil { PanicSanity("can't find global permissions account") } err = permAcc.Permissions.Base.Set(args.Permission, args.Value) case *ptypes.HasRoleArgs: return fmt.Errorf("HasRole is for contracts, not humans. Just look at the blockchain") case *ptypes.AddRoleArgs: if permAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(args.Address); permAcc == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Trying to update roles for unknown account %X", args.Address) } if !permAcc.Permissions.AddRole(args.Role) { return fmt.Errorf("Role (%s) already exists for account %X", args.Role, args.Address) } case *ptypes.RmRoleArgs: if permAcc = blockCache.GetAccount(args.Address); permAcc == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Trying to update roles for unknown account %X", args.Address) } if !permAcc.Permissions.RmRole(args.Role) { return fmt.Errorf("Role (%s) does not exist for account %X", args.Role, args.Address) } default: PanicSanity(Fmt("invalid permission function: %s", ptypes.PermFlagToString(permFlag))) } // TODO: maybe we want to take funds on error and allow txs in that don't do anythingi? if err != nil { return err } // Good! inAcc.Sequence += 1 inAcc.Balance -= value blockCache.UpdateAccount(inAcc) if permAcc != nil { blockCache.UpdateAccount(permAcc) } if evc != nil { evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringAccInput(tx.Input.Address), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) evc.FireEvent(types.EventStringPermissions(ptypes.PermFlagToString(permFlag)), types.EventDataTx{tx, nil, ""}) } return nil default: // binary decoding should not let this happen PanicSanity("Unknown Tx type") return nil } }