// Variant of sync/atomic's TestUnaligned64:
func TestUnaligned64(t *testing.T) {
// Unaligned 64-bit atomics on 32-bit systems are
// a continual source of pain. Test that on 32-bit systems they crash
// instead of failing silently.
switch runtime.GOARCH {
default:
if unsafe.Sizeof(int(0)) != 4 {
t.Skip("test only runs on 32-bit systems")
}
case "amd64p32":
// amd64p32 can handle unaligned atomics.
t.Skipf("test not needed on %v", runtime.GOARCH)
}
x := make([]uint32, 4)
up64 := (*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&x[1])) // misaligned
p64 := (*int64)(unsafe.Pointer(&x[1])) // misaligned
shouldPanic(t, "Load64", func() { atomic.Load64(up64) })
shouldPanic(t, "Loadint64", func() { atomic.Loadint64(p64) })
shouldPanic(t, "Store64", func() { atomic.Store64(up64, 0) })
shouldPanic(t, "Xadd64", func() { atomic.Xadd64(up64, 1) })
shouldPanic(t, "Xchg64", func() { atomic.Xchg64(up64, 1) })
shouldPanic(t, "Cas64", func() { atomic.Cas64(up64, 1, 2) })
}
// gcParkAssist puts the current goroutine on the assist queue and parks.
//
// gcParkAssist returns whether the assist is now satisfied. If it
// returns false, the caller must retry the assist.
//
//go:nowritebarrier
func gcParkAssist() bool {
lock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
// If the GC cycle finished while we were getting the lock,
// exit the assist. The cycle can't finish while we hold the
// lock.
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return true
}
gp := getg()
oldHead, oldTail := work.assistQueue.head, work.assistQueue.tail
if oldHead == 0 {
work.assistQueue.head.set(gp)
} else {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(gp)
}
work.assistQueue.tail.set(gp)
gp.schedlink.set(nil)
// Recheck for background credit now that this G is in
// the queue, but can still back out. This avoids a
// race in case background marking has flushed more
// credit since we checked above.
if atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit) > 0 {
work.assistQueue.head = oldHead
work.assistQueue.tail = oldTail
if oldTail != 0 {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(nil)
}
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return false
}
// Park.
goparkunlock(&work.assistQueue.lock, "GC assist wait", traceEvGoBlockGC, 2)
return true
}
// gcAssistAlloc performs GC work to make gp's assist debt positive.
// gp must be the calling user gorountine.
//
// This must be called with preemption enabled.
func gcAssistAlloc(gp *g) {
// Don't assist in non-preemptible contexts. These are
// generally fragile and won't allow the assist to block.
if getg() == gp.m.g0 {
return
}
if mp := getg().m; mp.locks > 0 || mp.preemptoff != "" {
return
}
retry:
// Compute the amount of scan work we need to do to make the
// balance positive. When the required amount of work is low,
// we over-assist to build up credit for future allocations
// and amortize the cost of assisting.
debtBytes := -gp.gcAssistBytes
scanWork := int64(gcController.assistWorkPerByte * float64(debtBytes))
if scanWork < gcOverAssistWork {
scanWork = gcOverAssistWork
debtBytes = int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork * float64(scanWork))
}
// Steal as much credit as we can from the background GC's
// scan credit. This is racy and may drop the background
// credit below 0 if two mutators steal at the same time. This
// will just cause steals to fail until credit is accumulated
// again, so in the long run it doesn't really matter, but we
// do have to handle the negative credit case.
bgScanCredit := atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit)
stolen := int64(0)
if bgScanCredit > 0 {
if bgScanCredit < scanWork {
stolen = bgScanCredit
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(stolen))
} else {
stolen = scanWork
gp.gcAssistBytes += debtBytes
}
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit, -stolen)
scanWork -= stolen
if scanWork == 0 {
// We were able to steal all of the credit we
// needed.
return
}
}
// Perform assist work
systemstack(func() {
gcAssistAlloc1(gp, scanWork)
// The user stack may have moved, so this can't touch
// anything on it until it returns from systemstack.
})
completed := gp.param != nil
gp.param = nil
if completed {
gcMarkDone()
}
if gp.gcAssistBytes < 0 {
// We were unable steal enough credit or perform
// enough work to pay off the assist debt. We need to
// do one of these before letting the mutator allocate
// more to prevent over-allocation.
//
// If this is because we were preempted, reschedule
// and try some more.
if gp.preempt {
Gosched()
goto retry
}
// Add this G to an assist queue and park. When the GC
// has more background credit, it will satisfy queued
// assists before flushing to the global credit pool.
//
// Note that this does *not* get woken up when more
// work is added to the work list. The theory is that
// there wasn't enough work to do anyway, so we might
// as well let background marking take care of the
// work that is available.
if !gcParkAssist() {
goto retry
}
// At this point either background GC has satisfied
// this G's assist debt, or the GC cycle is over.
}
}
// gcAssistAlloc performs GC work to make gp's assist debt positive.
// gp must be the calling user gorountine.
//
// This must be called with preemption enabled.
//go:nowritebarrier
func gcAssistAlloc(gp *g) {
// Don't assist in non-preemptible contexts. These are
// generally fragile and won't allow the assist to block.
if getg() == gp.m.g0 {
return
}
if mp := getg().m; mp.locks > 0 || mp.preemptoff != "" {
return
}
// Compute the amount of scan work we need to do to make the
// balance positive. We over-assist to build up credit for
// future allocations and amortize the cost of assisting.
debtBytes := -gp.gcAssistBytes + gcOverAssistBytes
scanWork := int64(gcController.assistWorkPerByte * float64(debtBytes))
retry:
// Steal as much credit as we can from the background GC's
// scan credit. This is racy and may drop the background
// credit below 0 if two mutators steal at the same time. This
// will just cause steals to fail until credit is accumulated
// again, so in the long run it doesn't really matter, but we
// do have to handle the negative credit case.
bgScanCredit := atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit)
stolen := int64(0)
if bgScanCredit > 0 {
if bgScanCredit < scanWork {
stolen = bgScanCredit
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(stolen))
} else {
stolen = scanWork
gp.gcAssistBytes += debtBytes
}
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit, -stolen)
scanWork -= stolen
if scanWork == 0 {
// We were able to steal all of the credit we
// needed.
return
}
}
// Perform assist work
completed := false
systemstack(func() {
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
// The gcBlackenEnabled check in malloc races with the
// store that clears it but an atomic check in every malloc
// would be a performance hit.
// Instead we recheck it here on the non-preemptable system
// stack to determine if we should preform an assist.
// GC is done, so ignore any remaining debt.
gp.gcAssistBytes = 0
return
}
// Track time spent in this assist. Since we're on the
// system stack, this is non-preemptible, so we can
// just measure start and end time.
startTime := nanotime()
decnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, -1)
if decnwait == work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait =", decnwait, "work.nproc=", work.nproc)
throw("nwait > work.nprocs")
}
// drain own cached work first in the hopes that it
// will be more cache friendly.
gcw := &getg().m.p.ptr().gcw
workDone := gcDrainN(gcw, scanWork)
// If we are near the end of the mark phase
// dispose of the gcw.
if gcBlackenPromptly {
gcw.dispose()
}
// Record that we did this much scan work.
//
// Back out the number of bytes of assist credit that
// this scan work counts for. The "1+" is a poor man's
// round-up, to ensure this adds credit even if
// assistBytesPerWork is very low.
gp.gcAssistBytes += 1 + int64(gcController.assistBytesPerWork*float64(workDone))
// If this is the last worker and we ran out of work,
// signal a completion point.
incnwait := atomic.Xadd(&work.nwait, +1)
if incnwait > work.nproc {
println("runtime: work.nwait=", incnwait,
"work.nproc=", work.nproc,
"gcBlackenPromptly=", gcBlackenPromptly)
throw("work.nwait > work.nproc")
}
if incnwait == work.nproc && !gcMarkWorkAvailable(nil) {
// This has reached a background completion
// point.
completed = true
}
duration := nanotime() - startTime
_p_ := gp.m.p.ptr()
_p_.gcAssistTime += duration
if _p_.gcAssistTime > gcAssistTimeSlack {
atomic.Xaddint64(&gcController.assistTime, _p_.gcAssistTime)
_p_.gcAssistTime = 0
}
})
if completed {
gcMarkDone()
}
if gp.gcAssistBytes < 0 {
// We were unable steal enough credit or perform
// enough work to pay off the assist debt. We need to
// do one of these before letting the mutator allocate
// more to prevent over-allocation.
//
// If this is because we were preempted, reschedule
// and try some more.
if gp.preempt {
Gosched()
goto retry
}
// Add this G to an assist queue and park. When the GC
// has more background credit, it will satisfy queued
// assists before flushing to the global credit pool.
//
// Note that this does *not* get woken up when more
// work is added to the work list. The theory is that
// there wasn't enough work to do anyway, so we might
// as well let background marking take care of the
// work that is available.
lock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
// If the GC cycle is over, just return. This is the
// likely path if we completed above. We do this
// under the lock to prevent a GC cycle from ending
// between this check and queuing the assist.
if atomic.Load(&gcBlackenEnabled) == 0 {
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
return
}
oldHead, oldTail := work.assistQueue.head, work.assistQueue.tail
if oldHead == 0 {
work.assistQueue.head.set(gp)
} else {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(gp)
}
work.assistQueue.tail.set(gp)
gp.schedlink.set(nil)
// Recheck for background credit now that this G is in
// the queue, but can still back out. This avoids a
// race in case background marking has flushed more
// credit since we checked above.
if atomic.Loadint64(&gcController.bgScanCredit) > 0 {
work.assistQueue.head = oldHead
work.assistQueue.tail = oldTail
if oldTail != 0 {
oldTail.ptr().schedlink.set(nil)
}
unlock(&work.assistQueue.lock)
goto retry
}
// Park for real.
goparkunlock(&work.assistQueue.lock, "GC assist wait", traceEvGoBlock, 2)
// At this point either background GC has satisfied
// this G's assist debt, or the GC cycle is over.
}
}