// Process processes the state changes according to the Ethereum rules by running // the transaction messages using the statedb and applying any rewards to both // the processor (coinbase) and any included uncles. // // Process returns the receipts and logs accumulated during the process and // returns the amount of gas that was used in the process. If any of the // transactions failed to execute due to insufficient gas it will return an error. func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config) (types.Receipts, vm.Logs, *big.Int, error) { var ( receipts types.Receipts totalUsedGas = big.NewInt(0) err error header = block.Header() allLogs vm.Logs gp = new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit()) ) // Mutate the the block and state according to any hard-fork specs if p.config.DAOForkSupport && p.config.DAOForkBlock != nil && p.config.DAOForkBlock.Cmp(block.Number()) == 0 { ApplyDAOHardFork(statedb) } // Iterate over and process the individual transactions for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { statedb.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), block.Hash(), i) receipt, logs, _, err := ApplyTransaction(p.config, p.bc, gp, statedb, header, tx, totalUsedGas, cfg) if err != nil { return nil, nil, totalUsedGas, err } receipts = append(receipts, receipt) allLogs = append(allLogs, logs...) } AccumulateRewards(statedb, header, block.Uncles()) return receipts, allLogs, totalUsedGas, err }
// PutTransactions stores the transactions in the given database func PutTransactions(db common.Database, block *types.Block, txs types.Transactions) { for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { rlpEnc, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx) if err != nil { glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("Failed encoding tx", err) return } db.Put(tx.Hash().Bytes(), rlpEnc) var txExtra struct { BlockHash common.Hash BlockIndex uint64 Index uint64 } txExtra.BlockHash = block.Hash() txExtra.BlockIndex = block.NumberU64() txExtra.Index = uint64(i) rlpMeta, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(txExtra) if err != nil { glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("Failed encoding tx meta data", err) return } db.Put(append(tx.Hash().Bytes(), 0x0001), rlpMeta) } }
// returns the lowers possible price with which a tx was or could have been included func (self *GasPriceOracle) lowestPrice(block *types.Block) *big.Int { gasUsed := new(big.Int) receipts := self.eth.BlockProcessor().GetBlockReceipts(block.Hash()) if len(receipts) > 0 { if cgu := receipts[len(receipts)-1].CumulativeGasUsed; cgu != nil { gasUsed = receipts[len(receipts)-1].CumulativeGasUsed } } if new(big.Int).Mul(gasUsed, big.NewInt(100)).Cmp(new(big.Int).Mul(block.GasLimit(), big.NewInt(int64(self.eth.GpoFullBlockRatio)))) < 0 { // block is not full, could have posted a tx with MinGasPrice return self.eth.GpoMinGasPrice } txs := block.Transactions() if len(txs) == 0 { return self.eth.GpoMinGasPrice } // block is full, find smallest gasPrice minPrice := txs[0].GasPrice() for i := 1; i < len(txs); i++ { price := txs[i].GasPrice() if price.Cmp(minPrice) < 0 { minPrice = price } } return minPrice }
// Creates a new QML Block from a chain block func NewBlock(block *types.Block) *Block { if block == nil { return &Block{} } ptxs := make([]*Transaction, len(block.Transactions())) /* for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { ptxs[i] = NewTx(tx) } */ txlist := common.NewList(ptxs) puncles := make([]*Block, len(block.Uncles())) /* for i, uncle := range block.Uncles() { puncles[i] = NewBlock(types.NewBlockWithHeader(uncle)) } */ ulist := common.NewList(puncles) return &Block{ ref: block, Size: block.Size().String(), Number: int(block.NumberU64()), GasUsed: block.GasUsed().String(), GasLimit: block.GasLimit().String(), Hash: block.Hash().Hex(), Transactions: txlist, Uncles: ulist, Time: block.Time(), Coinbase: block.Coinbase().Hex(), PrevHash: block.ParentHash().Hex(), Bloom: common.ToHex(block.Bloom().Bytes()), Raw: block.String(), } }
// PutTransactions stores the transactions in the given database func PutTransactions(db ethdb.Database, block *types.Block, txs types.Transactions) error { batch := db.NewBatch() for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { rlpEnc, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed encoding tx: %v", err) } batch.Put(tx.Hash().Bytes(), rlpEnc) var txExtra struct { BlockHash common.Hash BlockIndex uint64 Index uint64 } txExtra.BlockHash = block.Hash() txExtra.BlockIndex = block.NumberU64() txExtra.Index = uint64(i) rlpMeta, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(txExtra) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed encoding tx meta data: %v", err) } batch.Put(append(tx.Hash().Bytes(), 0x0001), rlpMeta) } if err := batch.Write(); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("failed writing tx to db: %v", err) } return nil }
// WriteBlock serializes a block into the database, header and body separately. func WriteBlock(db ethdb.Database, block *types.Block) error { // Store the body first to retain database consistency if err := WriteBody(db, block.Hash(), &types.Body{block.Transactions(), block.Uncles()}); err != nil { return err } // Store the header too, signaling full block ownership if err := WriteHeader(db, block.Header()); err != nil { return err } return nil }
func (sm *BlockProcessor) TransitionState(statedb *state.StateDB, parent, block *types.Block, transientProcess bool) (receipts types.Receipts, err error) { gp := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(block.Coinbase()) gp.SetGasLimit(block.GasLimit()) // Process the transactions on to parent state receipts, err = sm.ApplyTransactions(gp, statedb, block, block.Transactions(), transientProcess) if err != nil { return nil, err } return receipts, nil }
// GetReceiptFromBlock returns all receipts with the given block func GetReceiptsFromBlock(db common.Database, block *types.Block) types.Receipts { // at some point we want: //receipts := make(types.Receipts, len(block.Transactions())) // but since we need to support legacy, we can't (yet) var receipts types.Receipts for _, tx := range block.Transactions() { if receipt := GetReceipt(db, tx.Hash()); receipt != nil { receipts = append(receipts, receipt) } } return receipts }
func (sm *BlockProcessor) TransitionState(statedb *state.StateDB, parent, block *types.Block, transientProcess bool) (receipts types.Receipts, err error) { gp := new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit()) if glog.V(logger.Core) { glog.Infof("%x: gas (+ %v)", block.Coinbase(), gp) } // Process the transactions on to parent state receipts, err = sm.ApplyTransactions(gp, statedb, block, block.Transactions(), transientProcess) if err != nil { return nil, err } return receipts, nil }
// PutTransactions stores the transactions in the given database func PutTransactions(db ethdb.Database, block *types.Block, txs types.Transactions) { batch := new(leveldb.Batch) _, batchWrite := db.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase) for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { rlpEnc, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx) if err != nil { glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("Failed encoding tx", err) return } if batchWrite { batch.Put(tx.Hash().Bytes(), rlpEnc) } else { db.Put(tx.Hash().Bytes(), rlpEnc) } var txExtra struct { BlockHash common.Hash BlockIndex uint64 Index uint64 } txExtra.BlockHash = block.Hash() txExtra.BlockIndex = block.NumberU64() txExtra.Index = uint64(i) rlpMeta, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(txExtra) if err != nil { glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("Failed encoding tx meta data", err) return } if batchWrite { batch.Put(append(tx.Hash().Bytes(), 0x0001), rlpMeta) } else { db.Put(append(tx.Hash().Bytes(), 0x0001), rlpMeta) } } if db, ok := db.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase); ok { if err := db.LDB().Write(batch, nil); err != nil { glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("db write err:", err) } } }
func NewBlockRes(block *types.Block, td *big.Int, fullTx bool) *BlockRes { if block == nil { return nil } res := new(BlockRes) res.fullTx = fullTx res.BlockNumber = newHexNum(block.Number()) res.BlockHash = newHexData(block.Hash()) res.ParentHash = newHexData(block.ParentHash()) res.Nonce = newHexData(block.Nonce()) res.Sha3Uncles = newHexData(block.UncleHash()) res.LogsBloom = newHexData(block.Bloom()) res.TransactionRoot = newHexData(block.TxHash()) res.StateRoot = newHexData(block.Root()) res.ReceiptRoot = newHexData(block.ReceiptHash()) res.Miner = newHexData(block.Coinbase()) res.Difficulty = newHexNum(block.Difficulty()) res.TotalDifficulty = newHexNum(td) res.Size = newHexNum(block.Size().Int64()) res.ExtraData = newHexData(block.Extra()) res.GasLimit = newHexNum(block.GasLimit()) res.GasUsed = newHexNum(block.GasUsed()) res.UnixTimestamp = newHexNum(block.Time()) txs := block.Transactions() res.Transactions = make([]*TransactionRes, len(txs)) for i, tx := range txs { res.Transactions[i] = NewTransactionRes(tx) res.Transactions[i].BlockHash = res.BlockHash res.Transactions[i].BlockNumber = res.BlockNumber res.Transactions[i].TxIndex = newHexNum(i) } uncles := block.Uncles() res.Uncles = make([]*UncleRes, len(uncles)) for i, uncle := range uncles { res.Uncles[i] = NewUncleRes(uncle) } return res }
func (self *ImportMaster) importBlock(block *types.Block) { blockHash := block.Header().Hash().Hex() txAmount := uint64(len(block.Transactions())) glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("Importing block", blockHash, "Hash with ", txAmount, "transactions") extData := string(block.Header().Extra[:]) err := self.blockCollection.Insert(&Block{blockHash, block.ParentHash().Hex(), block.Header().UncleHash.Hex(), block.Header().Coinbase.Hex(), block.Header().Root.Hex(), block.Header().TxHash.Hex(), block.Header().ReceiptHash.Hex(), block.Header().Number.String(), block.Header().Difficulty.String(), block.Header().GasLimit.String(), block.Header().GasUsed.String(), block.Header().Time, txAmount, extData, string(block.Nonce()), block.Size().String(), block.Header().MixDigest.Hex(), false, nil}) if err != nil { clilogger.Infoln(err) } result := Block{} err = self.blockCollection.Find(bson.M{"block_hash": blockHash}).One(&result) if err != nil { utils.Fatalf("Could not find the block we just added, saving faild: %v", err) } for _, tx := range block.Transactions() { self.importTx(tx, result.Id) } }
// ValidateBlock validates the given block's header and uncles and verifies the // the block header's transaction and uncle roots. // // ValidateBlock does not validate the header's pow. The pow work validated // separately so we can process them in parallel. // // ValidateBlock also validates and makes sure that any previous state (or present) // state that might or might not be present is checked to make sure that fast // sync has done it's job proper. This prevents the block validator form accepting // false positives where a header is present but the state is not. func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBlock(block *types.Block) error { if v.bc.HasBlock(block.Hash()) { if _, err := state.New(block.Root(), v.bc.chainDb); err == nil { return &KnownBlockError{block.Number(), block.Hash()} } } parent := v.bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()) if parent == nil { return ParentError(block.ParentHash()) } if _, err := state.New(parent.Root(), v.bc.chainDb); err != nil { return ParentError(block.ParentHash()) } header := block.Header() // validate the block header if err := ValidateHeader(v.config, v.Pow, header, parent.Header(), false, false); err != nil { return err } // verify the uncles are correctly rewarded if err := v.VerifyUncles(block, parent); err != nil { return err } // Verify UncleHash before running other uncle validations unclesSha := types.CalcUncleHash(block.Uncles()) if unclesSha != header.UncleHash { return fmt.Errorf("invalid uncles root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.UncleHash, unclesSha) } // The transactions Trie's root (R = (Tr [[i, RLP(T1)], [i, RLP(T2)], ... [n, RLP(Tn)]])) // can be used by light clients to make sure they've received the correct Txs txSha := types.DeriveSha(block.Transactions()) if txSha != header.TxHash { return fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.TxHash, txSha) } return nil }
// WriteTransactions stores the transactions associated with a specific block // into the given database. Beside writing the transaction, the function also // stores a metadata entry along with the transaction, detailing the position // of this within the blockchain. func WriteTransactions(db ethdb.Database, block *types.Block) error { batch := db.NewBatch() // Iterate over each transaction and encode it with its metadata for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { // Encode and queue up the transaction for storage data, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx) if err != nil { return err } if err := batch.Put(tx.Hash().Bytes(), data); err != nil { return err } // Encode and queue up the transaction metadata for storage meta := struct { BlockHash common.Hash BlockIndex uint64 Index uint64 }{ BlockHash: block.Hash(), BlockIndex: block.NumberU64(), Index: uint64(i), } data, err = rlp.EncodeToBytes(meta) if err != nil { return err } if err := batch.Put(append(tx.Hash().Bytes(), txMetaSuffix...), data); err != nil { return err } } // Write the scheduled data into the database if err := batch.Write(); err != nil { glog.Fatalf("failed to store transactions into database: %v", err) return err } return nil }
// Process processes the state changes according to the Ethereum rules by running // the transaction messages using the statedb and applying any rewards to both // the processor (coinbase) and any included uncles. // // Process returns the receipts and logs accumulated during the process and // returns the amount of gas that was used in the process. If any of the // transactions failed to execute due to insufficient gas it will return an error. func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config) (types.Receipts, vm.Logs, *big.Int, error) { var ( receipts types.Receipts totalUsedGas = big.NewInt(0) err error header = block.Header() allLogs vm.Logs gp = new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit()) ) for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { statedb.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), block.Hash(), i) receipt, logs, _, err := ApplyTransaction(p.config, p.bc, gp, statedb, header, tx, totalUsedGas, cfg) if err != nil { return nil, nil, totalUsedGas, err } receipts = append(receipts, receipt) allLogs = append(allLogs, logs...) } AccumulateRewards(statedb, header, block.Uncles()) return receipts, allLogs, totalUsedGas, err }
// reorgs takes two blocks, an old chain and a new chain and will reconstruct the blocks and inserts them // to be part of the new canonical chain and accumulates potential missing transactions and post an // event about them func (self *BlockChain) reorg(oldBlock, newBlock *types.Block) error { var ( newChain types.Blocks oldChain types.Blocks commonBlock *types.Block oldStart = oldBlock newStart = newBlock deletedTxs types.Transactions deletedLogs vm.Logs deletedLogsByHash = make(map[common.Hash]vm.Logs) // collectLogs collects the logs that were generated during the // processing of the block that corresponds with the given hash. // These logs are later announced as deleted. collectLogs = func(h common.Hash) { // Coalesce logs receipts := GetBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, h) for _, receipt := range receipts { deletedLogs = append(deletedLogs, receipt.Logs...) deletedLogsByHash[h] = receipt.Logs } } ) // first reduce whoever is higher bound if oldBlock.NumberU64() > newBlock.NumberU64() { // reduce old chain for ; oldBlock != nil && oldBlock.NumberU64() != newBlock.NumberU64(); oldBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()) { oldChain = append(oldChain, oldBlock) deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...) collectLogs(oldBlock.Hash()) } } else { // reduce new chain and append new chain blocks for inserting later on for ; newBlock != nil && newBlock.NumberU64() != oldBlock.NumberU64(); newBlock = self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash()) { newChain = append(newChain, newBlock) } } if oldBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain") } if newBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain") } numSplit := newBlock.Number() for { if oldBlock.Hash() == newBlock.Hash() { commonBlock = oldBlock break } oldChain = append(oldChain, oldBlock) newChain = append(newChain, newBlock) deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...) collectLogs(oldBlock.Hash()) oldBlock, newBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()), self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash()) if oldBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain") } if newBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain") } } if glog.V(logger.Debug) { commonHash := commonBlock.Hash() glog.Infof("Chain split detected @ %x. Reorganising chain from #%v %x to %x", commonHash[:4], numSplit, oldStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4], newStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4]) } var addedTxs types.Transactions // insert blocks. Order does not matter. Last block will be written in ImportChain itself which creates the new head properly for _, block := range newChain { // insert the block in the canonical way, re-writing history self.insert(block) // write canonical receipts and transactions if err := WriteTransactions(self.chainDb, block); err != nil { return err } receipts := GetBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, block.Hash()) // write receipts if err := WriteReceipts(self.chainDb, receipts); err != nil { return err } // Write map map bloom filters if err := WriteMipmapBloom(self.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), receipts); err != nil { return err } addedTxs = append(addedTxs, block.Transactions()...) } // calculate the difference between deleted and added transactions diff := types.TxDifference(deletedTxs, addedTxs) // When transactions get deleted from the database that means the // receipts that were created in the fork must also be deleted for _, tx := range diff { DeleteReceipt(self.chainDb, tx.Hash()) DeleteTransaction(self.chainDb, tx.Hash()) } // Must be posted in a goroutine because of the transaction pool trying // to acquire the chain manager lock if len(diff) > 0 { go self.eventMux.Post(RemovedTransactionEvent{diff}) } if len(deletedLogs) > 0 { go self.eventMux.Post(RemovedLogsEvent{deletedLogs}) } if len(oldChain) > 0 { go func() { for _, block := range oldChain { self.eventMux.Post(ChainSideEvent{Block: block, Logs: deletedLogsByHash[block.Hash()]}) } }() } return nil }
// reorgs takes two blocks, an old chain and a new chain and will reconstruct the blocks and inserts them // to be part of the new canonical chain and accumulates potential missing transactions and post an // event about them func (self *BlockChain) reorg(oldBlock, newBlock *types.Block) error { var ( newChain types.Blocks commonBlock *types.Block oldStart = oldBlock newStart = newBlock deletedTxs types.Transactions ) // first reduce whoever is higher bound if oldBlock.NumberU64() > newBlock.NumberU64() { // reduce old chain for oldBlock = oldBlock; oldBlock != nil && oldBlock.NumberU64() != newBlock.NumberU64(); oldBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()) { deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...) } } else { // reduce new chain and append new chain blocks for inserting later on for newBlock = newBlock; newBlock != nil && newBlock.NumberU64() != oldBlock.NumberU64(); newBlock = self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash()) { newChain = append(newChain, newBlock) } } if oldBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain") } if newBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain") } numSplit := newBlock.Number() for { if oldBlock.Hash() == newBlock.Hash() { commonBlock = oldBlock break } newChain = append(newChain, newBlock) deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...) oldBlock, newBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()), self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash()) if oldBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain") } if newBlock == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain") } } if glog.V(logger.Debug) { commonHash := commonBlock.Hash() glog.Infof("Chain split detected @ %x. Reorganising chain from #%v %x to %x", commonHash[:4], numSplit, oldStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4], newStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4]) } var addedTxs types.Transactions // insert blocks. Order does not matter. Last block will be written in ImportChain itself which creates the new head properly for _, block := range newChain { // insert the block in the canonical way, re-writing history self.insert(block) // write canonical receipts and transactions if err := PutTransactions(self.chainDb, block, block.Transactions()); err != nil { return err } receipts := GetBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, block.Hash()) // write receipts if err := PutReceipts(self.chainDb, receipts); err != nil { return err } // Write map map bloom filters if err := WriteMipmapBloom(self.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), receipts); err != nil { return err } addedTxs = append(addedTxs, block.Transactions()...) } // calculate the difference between deleted and added transactions diff := types.TxDifference(deletedTxs, addedTxs) // When transactions get deleted from the database that means the // receipts that were created in the fork must also be deleted for _, tx := range diff { DeleteReceipt(self.chainDb, tx.Hash()) DeleteTransaction(self.chainDb, tx.Hash()) } // Must be posted in a goroutine because of the transaction pool trying // to acquire the chain manager lock go self.eventMux.Post(RemovedTransactionEvent{diff}) return nil }
func (sm *BlockProcessor) processWithParent(block, parent *types.Block) (logs state.Logs, err error) { sm.lastAttemptedBlock = block // Create a new state based on the parent's root (e.g., create copy) state := state.New(parent.Root(), sm.db) // Block validation if err = sm.ValidateHeader(block.Header(), parent.Header()); err != nil { return } // There can be at most two uncles if len(block.Uncles()) > 2 { return nil, ValidationError("Block can only contain one uncle (contained %v)", len(block.Uncles())) } receipts, err := sm.TransitionState(state, parent, block, false) if err != nil { return } header := block.Header() // Validate the received block's bloom with the one derived from the generated receipts. // For valid blocks this should always validate to true. rbloom := types.CreateBloom(receipts) if rbloom != header.Bloom { err = fmt.Errorf("unable to replicate block's bloom=%x", rbloom) return } // The transactions Trie's root (R = (Tr [[i, RLP(T1)], [i, RLP(T2)], ... [n, RLP(Tn)]])) // can be used by light clients to make sure they've received the correct Txs txSha := types.DeriveSha(block.Transactions()) if txSha != header.TxHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.TxHash, txSha) return } // Tre receipt Trie's root (R = (Tr [[H1, R1], ... [Hn, R1]])) receiptSha := types.DeriveSha(receipts) if receiptSha != header.ReceiptHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid receipt root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.ReceiptHash, receiptSha) return } // Verify UncleHash before running other uncle validations unclesSha := block.CalculateUnclesHash() if unclesSha != header.UncleHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid uncles root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.UncleHash, unclesSha) return } // Verify uncles if err = sm.VerifyUncles(state, block, parent); err != nil { return } // Accumulate static rewards; block reward, uncle's and uncle inclusion. AccumulateRewards(state, block) // Commit state objects/accounts to a temporary trie (does not save) // used to calculate the state root. state.Update() if header.Root != state.Root() { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid merkle root. received=%x got=%x", header.Root, state.Root()) return } // Calculate the td for this block //td = CalculateTD(block, parent) // Sync the current block's state to the database state.Sync() // Remove transactions from the pool sm.txpool.RemoveTransactions(block.Transactions()) // This puts transactions in a extra db for rpc for i, tx := range block.Transactions() { putTx(sm.extraDb, tx, block, uint64(i)) } return state.Logs(), nil }
func (sm *BlockProcessor) processWithParent(block, parent *types.Block) (logs state.Logs, receipts types.Receipts, err error) { // Create a new state based on the parent's root (e.g., create copy) state := state.New(parent.Root(), sm.chainDb) header := block.Header() uncles := block.Uncles() txs := block.Transactions() // Block validation if err = ValidateHeader(sm.Pow, header, parent.Header(), false, false); err != nil { return } // There can be at most two uncles if len(uncles) > 2 { return nil, nil, ValidationError("Block can only contain maximum 2 uncles (contained %v)", len(uncles)) } receipts, err = sm.TransitionState(state, parent, block, false) if err != nil { return } // Validate the received block's bloom with the one derived from the generated receipts. // For valid blocks this should always validate to true. rbloom := types.CreateBloom(receipts) if rbloom != header.Bloom { err = fmt.Errorf("unable to replicate block's bloom=%x", rbloom) return } // The transactions Trie's root (R = (Tr [[i, RLP(T1)], [i, RLP(T2)], ... [n, RLP(Tn)]])) // can be used by light clients to make sure they've received the correct Txs txSha := types.DeriveSha(txs) if txSha != header.TxHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.TxHash, txSha) return } // Tre receipt Trie's root (R = (Tr [[H1, R1], ... [Hn, R1]])) receiptSha := types.DeriveSha(receipts) if receiptSha != header.ReceiptHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid receipt root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.ReceiptHash, receiptSha) return } // Verify UncleHash before running other uncle validations unclesSha := types.CalcUncleHash(uncles) if unclesSha != header.UncleHash { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid uncles root hash. received=%x calculated=%x", header.UncleHash, unclesSha) return } // Verify uncles if err = sm.VerifyUncles(state, block, parent); err != nil { return } // Accumulate static rewards; block reward, uncle's and uncle inclusion. AccumulateRewards(state, header, uncles) // Commit state objects/accounts to a temporary trie (does not save) // used to calculate the state root. state.SyncObjects() if header.Root != state.Root() { err = fmt.Errorf("invalid merkle root. received=%x got=%x", header.Root, state.Root()) return } // Sync the current block's state to the database state.Sync() return state.Logs(), receipts, nil }